Disgesting Carbohydrates Flashcards
How does starch turn into glucose
Starch undergoes hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds by amylase to form maltose
Maltose undergoes hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds by maltase to form glucose
What does salivary amylase do and where
In the salivary glands
It begins digestion and denatures in stomach acid HCL
What does pancreatic amylase do
Completes disgestion by breaking down starch into maltose in the small intestine
What are membrane bound disaccharidases
Em=nzymes of the membranes of the small intestine
Hydrolyses the glycosidic bonds of disaccharides into monosaccharides
What is an adaptation of the small intestine
Micorvilli: increases the surface area for diffusion and active transport
Has many mitochondria to release energy in the form of atp for active transport
Membrane proteins: disaccharides for digestion, carrier proteins for active transport and channel proteins for facilitated diffusion
What are the adaptations of the villi
The villi walls are one cell thick to keep the diffusion pathway short
Have lots of capillaries to maintain the concentration gradient but constantly transporting absorbed nutrients away
Has moving muscles
