diseases that effect the periodontium Flashcards
what is the genetic marker is macrophage and monocyte made and puts a person at higher risk for periodisease
interleukin-1 inflammatory mediator
what are the 3 contributing factors that affect the periondontium
1) age
2) stress
3) genetics
what do genetic disorders lack that increases bacterial infections?
nuetrophils
what are the 5 genetic disorders that have the neutrophil disfunction?
1) papillon-Lefevre syndrome
2) downs syndrome
3) leukocyte adhesion factor
4) neutropenia
5) chediak-higashi syndrome
name 5 characteristics of Papillon-Lefvre syndrome
1) mobility and migration of teeth (floating around)
2) hyperplastic and hemorrhaging gingiva (bleedy and moveable)
3) painful chewing
4) EARLY RAPID AGGRESSIVE PERIO
5) autosomal recessive disorder
what are the 5 characteristics of Downs syndrome (trisomy 21)
1) small oral cavity, protruding enlarged tongue
2) malocclusion, delayed eruption or congenitally missing
3) retarded 4)perio disease prevalent
5) chromosomal disorder #3 chromo21
what are the 5 characteristics in leukocyte adhesion factor?
1) defect in neutrophil migration, no extravascular neutrophils
2) few leukocytes so cells cant stick to endothelium
3) high risk AGGRESSIVE perio at early age,
4) recurrent infections (ear, respiratory
5) starts after eruption of baby teeth
6) looks like floating teeth with red blotches on buccal gingiva
what are the 3 characteristics of Chediak-Higasji syndrome
1) Autosomal recessive disorder
2) defective granules (intercellular, neutrophil, melanin) Albino
3) chronic infections
4) FATAL neurological dysfunction
3 characteristics of Acatalasia
1) enzyme deficiency of catalase, causing build up of toxic substance in tissue causing necrosis
2) recurrent gingival infections
3) precocious perio in infants and kids
3 characteristics of Ehlers-Danlos
1) hyperflexible/ double jointed/ fragile
2) delayed wound healing
3) periodontal destruction
what are the 5 characteristics of Hypophosphatsia
1) ricket like bones
2) defect in neutrophil function
3) alkaline phosphate deficiency
4) causes Perio disease and EARLY LOSS of baby and adult teeth
5) abnormal formation of bone,pdl and cementum, pulp chambers are larger tha usual
what are the 3 endocrine imbalances that alter wound healing because of neutrophil dysfunction?
1) diabetes 2)hyperparathyroidism
3) estrogen deficiency
what is the main characteristics of browns tumor of hyperparathyroidism
1)xrays show demineralized jaw and resorption of the lamina dura
what are the 4 characteristics of diabetes ?
1) more susceptible to infections
2) excessive thirst, hunger and peeing
3) dry mouth, burning tongue, fatigue
4) long term - heart attck/stroke, blind, kidney/liver failure
who is most likely to have diabetes?
blacks 20-65 years old
what are the 2 sex hormone imbalances that cause gingivitis?
1) puberty gingivitis
2) pregnancy gingivitis
what are the characteristics of puberty gingivitis?
1) PLAQUE INDUCED/ hyperplastic gingivitis
2) increased hormones increases blood circulation to gingiva causing HYPERPLASIA
3) tx- plaque control
4) found equally in girls and boys
what are the characteristics of pregnancy gingivitis ?
1) gingival inflammation will increase w/ small amount of plaque (hyperplasia)
2) caused by the increase in Progesterone and Estrogen
3) Pyogenic granuloma, a tumor that is on the interdental papilla or gingival margin
what are the 6 hematologic disorders (blood disorders)
1) blood dycrasias- polycythemia clotting deficiency
2) anemia (sickle/aplastic )bonemarrow loss
3) multiple myeloma- gingival bleeding and bone loss
4) agranulocytosis
5) cyclic neutropenia
6) leukemia
what are the 3 nutritional deficiencies that cause metabolic disorders?
1) vitamin C- scurvy (toothloss))
2) vitamin D- pdl and boneloss/ osteoporosis
3) protein deficiency-(lysine) Kwashiorkor
5 mucocutaneous diseases of the periodontium
1) lichen planus
2) cicatrical pemphigoid
3) pemphigus Vulgarius
4) lupus Erythematous
5) erythema multiforme
what are the 3 characteristics of lichenplanus
1) immune related chronic disease affecting the membranes of middle aged pple
2) common reticular form lacy whitelines called wickhams striae
3) stress related
what are the characteristics of Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid or cicatricial pemphigoid
1) lesions affect eyes , mouth
2) COMMONLY seen in Women over 50
3) IgG, IgM, IgA and destroy the basement membrane
4) if limited to gingiva called DESQUAMATIVE gingivitis
5) Nikolsky sign -blow air, sub epithelial separation
what are the 4 characteristics of Pemphigus Vulgaris
1) potentially FATAL autoimmune vesiculobullous
2) blisters- ACANTHOLYSIS
3) shallow painful ulcers or bullae that rupture
4) tx: biopsy and high doses of steroids and immunosuppressant drugs
