Diseases of the Stomach Pt. 2

Question 1

Medical therapy in egus 2 goals:

Answer 1

-Control gastric acid
– Mucosal protectant

Question 2

Diet modifications include increasing periods of fasting and decreasing roughage, reduce grain/concentratesT/F

Answer 2

F limiting fasting dapat at increasing roughage

Question 3

roughage to be given in modifications include

Answer 3

• pasture turnout (green grass)
• free choice hay
• Alfalfa hay-dietary antacid
• Calcium Carbonate supplements

Question 4

______ may help buffer stomach contents by providing it throughout day and night

Answer 4

Alfalfa hay/mixed alfalfa hay

Question 5

Concentrates should be fed in small amounts, distributed in at least 5 feedings
throughout day (base on requirements?)
and should not exceed 0.2 kg of grain/100kg BW T/F

Answer 5

F - 3 feedings dapat , 0.5kg

Question 6

Contains protective factors
(phospholipids) for stomach lining
* Rancidity can be a problem
– Produces ketoaldehydes which are
ulcerogenic
* Steam pasteurization can help
decrease potential for rancidity
– Storage in refrigerator

Answer 6

Rice bran / oil

Question 7

Decreases stomach acid
* Increases
protective factors (PG)
* Provides Omega
3 & 6 fatty acids
* Dose: 8 oz once to
twice daily

Answer 7

Corn oil

Question 8

Management Modifications

Answer 8

Limit stressful events
* Long-term stall
confinement
* Trailering
* Overcrowding
* Semen collection and
natural breeding?

Question 9

Neutralizing agents and example of answer

Answer 9

antacids

• neutralize HCl
  Al/Mg hydroxide

Question 10

Antisecretory agents

Answer 10

Histamine H2 receptor
antagonists (Zantac™)
– Acid pump inhibitors
(GastroGard™)

Question 11

Allows
Healing/Improvement of Ulcers

Answer 11

omeprazole

Question 12

example of Histamine H2 Receptor Antagonists

Role: Competitive inhibition of the
interaction of histamine of w/ _____

inhibition of gastric acid secretion is dose dependent T/F

Answer 12

Zantac® (ranitidine), Tagamet®
(cimetidine)

parietal cell

T

Question 13

zantac is cheap (generic), known for its availability, and must be administered 2x daily T/F

Answer 13

F - 3x dapat

Question 14

adheres to ulcerated mucosa; stimulates mucus secretion and enhances PGE synthesis

Answer 14

Sucralfate (sucrose and AlOH3)

Question 15

– best for glandular mucosal lesions and duodenum

Answer 15

Sucralfate (sucrose and AlOH3)

Question 16

H. pylori has been associated with the stomach of horses, resulting in EGUS T/F

Answer 16

F - not associated in EGUS

Question 17

Antimicrobials are not used in horses with resistant EGUS (TMS, Metronidazole,
Bismuth compounds) T/F

Answer 17

F - used dapat

Question 18

Duodenal Ulcers/Stricture is a part of EGUS commonly seen in adult horses T/F

Associated with __, ___, and diarrhea, delayed gastric emptying

Associated with __ ulcers

Answer 18

F - foals
bruxism, ptyalism
esophageal

Question 19

duodenal ulcers/strictures can be diagnosed via
clinical signs, __, __, ___,

Answer 19

duodenoscopy, radiology, necropsy

radiology: gastric emptying with barium swallows (liquid meal=30 minutes)

Question 20

treatment of DU/S
omeprazole (4mg/kg, IV Q24h, 28 days)
ome (0.5mg/kg PO, Q24h)
Ranitidine (6.6 mg/kg, PO, Q8h) T/F

Surgery: _

Answer 20

F - 4mgkg yung PO, O.5 yung IV

Gastrojejunostomy

Question 21

Gastric neoplasia is uncommon in older horses, with adenosarcoma as the MOST common type. T/F

Answer 21

F - SCC ang pinakacommon

others lng ang adeno at lymphosarcoma

Question 22

the gastric neoplasia Arises from squamous mucosa and
metastasizes to the abdominal cavity and
viscera and/or extends up the trachea T/F

Answer 22

T

Question 23

Magnets - pass the magnet into the jejunum then another magnet stays in the stomach → join together -> block blood supply in the area -> anastomosis

What is this technique called?

Answer 23

natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES)

Question 24

Clinical signs: of gastric neoplasia

Answer 24

– Chronic weight loss
– Anemia
– Naso-gastric reflux
– Colic

Question 25

gastric neoplasia and EGUS can both be diagnosed by necropsy T/F

gastric neoplasia, gastric impaction and EGUS can both be diagnosed by endoscopy and is definitive t/f

Answer 25

F - duodenal ulcers/strictures instead of EGUS

T - not sure lang sa impaction kung definitive

Question 26

treatment of gastric neoplasia includes vincristine and surgery T/F

prognosis of GS is usually good T/F

Answer 26

F - no tx

F - grave

Question 27

gastric impaction is a frequent cause of colic in horses and is due to dry feed materials and decreased water intake T/F

this occurs frequently on spring where dry hay is fed and water intake is lower T/F

Answer 27

F - infrequent

F - winter

Question 28

Diagnosed at surgery in horses with colic and is treated with dioctyl sodium succinate (DSS, 5% soln via NG tube in ___ fluid) T/F

During lavage at surgery, it can resolve in 24-36 hours T/F

Answer 28

T - 4-6L

F - 24-48

Question 29

gastric impaction can be treated with exlopratory laparotomy T/F

Answer 29

T