Diseases of the heart Flashcards
Myocardial Ischemia
Heart recognises decreased O2 so it tries to compensate by pumping harder. associated with atherosclerotic plaque
Myocardial Infarction
Complete disruption of O2/nutrient flow to tissue below the occlusion. Leads to death of tissue unless reestablished
Heart Failure
Inability of the heart to produce a sufficient effort. Most common- both sides of heart failure. Left-backs up to lungs-pulmonary edema. Right-vena cava-distended neck veins, liver congestion, peripheral edema
Ventricular Hypertrophy
Responding to pumping against high pressure. Right-pulmonary hypertension, congenital heart disease, pulmonary disease, pulmonary stenosis, & right ventricular infarction. Left-systemic hypertension, congenital heart disease, aortic stenosis, or MI to left ventricle.
Valvular Heart disease
Stenosis of the valve leaflets or regurgitation. Caused by rhumatic fever, congenital defects, MI, & normal aging
Mitral Stenosis
Narrowing of the left mitral valve. From rheumatic fever or cardiac infection
Aortic Stenosis
Narrowing of Aortic valve. caused-congenital bicuspid valves, rheumatic fever, atherosclerosis.
Mitral Regurgitation
Backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium. Caused by rheumatic fever, MI, rupture of chordae tendineae
Pulmonic Stenosis
Narrowing of the opening between the pulmonary artery and the right ventricle. Cause-congenital.Findings-Murmur @pulmonic area & radiates to neck, thrill in 2nd & 3rd ICS
Tricuspid Stenosis
Narrowing of tricuspid. Cause-rheumaticfever, congentical, right atrial myxoma, Murmur over tricuspid
Mitral valve prolapse
valves prolapse into the left atrium
Aortic Regurgitation
backflow of blood from the aorta into the let ventricle
Ventricular tachycardia
rapid,regular heartbeat up to 200 beats/min. Cardiac ouput decrease, V.Fib-quivering
Ventricular Fibrilation
Total absence of regular heart rhythm
