Diseases of skin and wounds Flashcards
abcess/folliculitis
may drain puss or blood (pimple, sty, furuncle, carbuncle);
staphylococcus aureus more likely cause;
staphylococcus epidermidis more predominant on skin;
Direct contact
“hot tub” folliculitis
small pimples; pseudomonas aeruginosa; using poorly chlorinated hot tub
staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
SSSS; skin peels off in sheets; staphylococus aureus; direct contact; mistaken for child abuse
impetigo (pyoderma)
small, flattened red patches on face and limbs which develop into puss-filled vesicles that crust (pyoderma); staphylococcus aureus 80% streptococcus pyogenes 20%; direct contact; most common in children
erysipelas
fiery red rash with raised borders; mostly streptococcus pyogenes occasionally staphylococcus aureus; direct contact; most common in elderly
necrotizing fasciitis
necrosis, spreads along fascia; streptococcus pyogenes; enters through lesions in skin; aka “flesh-eating bacteria” emerging disease
acne
infection of hair follicle/sebaceous glands; propionibacterium acnes; direct contact;
cat scratch disease/fever
bump or blister at site of injury (lymphadenopathy); bartonella henselae; cat scratches, licks or bites
pseudomonas infection
pseudomonas aeruginosa; opportunistic; produces pyocyanin (blue-green pigment)
rocky mountain spotted fever (RMSF)
non-itchy spotted rash on trunk and appendages including soles and palms (petechiae); rickettsia ricketsii; ticks vector
cutaneous anthrax
black, crusty ulcer (eschar); bacillus anthracis; direct contact; Cat. A bioterrorist threat
Gas gangrene
foul-smelling; gas bubbles; clostridium perfringens; rapid treatment is crucial
smallpox
aka variola; pox lesions; smallpox virus (orthopoxvirus); eradicated worldwide; Cat. A bioterrorist threat
Molluscum contagiosum
pearl-like waxy papules; molluscum contagiosum virus (molluscipoxvirus)
monkeypox
pox leasions; monkeypox virus (orthopoxvirus); emerging disease
herpes labialis
aka oral herpes; blisters on face/mouth; HHV-1; latent virus usually in trigeminal ganglia
Herpetic Whitlow
blisters on finger; HHV-1; latent virus usually in brachial ganglia
herpes gladiatorum
blisters anywhere; HHV-1; latent virus in various ganglia; associated with contact sports
chickenpox
aka varicella; itchy, fluid-filled blisters all over body; HHV-3; highly infectious
shingles
aka herpes zoster; painful blisters that follow dermatome (usually unilateral); HHV-3; latent virus in 15% of people who have had chickenpox; spinal DRG
warts
benign growths; HPV; autoinoculation
rubella
aka german measles; rash of flat, pink to red spots; rubella virus; pregnant women can cause congenital rubella syndrome
measles
aka rubeola; kopliks spots on inside of mouth; rash on head and spreads over body; measles virus (morobilivirus); highly contagious
erythema infectiosum
resembles slap; aggravated by sunlight; parvovirus B19; once rash is present, person no longer infectious; 5th disease; “slapped cheek” syndrome
roseola
rose-colored rash; HHV-6 (roseolovirus)
Coxsackie A virus infection
aka hand, foot and mouth disease; herpetic angina; coxsackie A virus
piedra
piedraia hortae- hard, black, irregular nodules on hair shaft, black piedra;
trichosporon beiglii- soft grayish-white irregular nodules on hair shaft, white piedra
pityriasis versicolor
hypo- or hyperpigmented patches; malassezia furfur;
dermatophytoses
aka ringworm; epidermophyton sp., microsporum sp., trichophyton sp.; tinea pedis (athletes foot), tinea cruris (jock itch), tinea corporis (trunk), tinea capitis (head), tinea unguium (onychomycosis)
sporotrichosis
aka rose-gardener’s disease
cutaneous sporotrichosis
nodular lesions around infection site
lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis
secondary lesions occur on skin along the course of lymphatic vessels
leishmaniasis
cutaneous- large painless skin lesions; mucocutaneous- skin lesions enlarge to encompass mucous membranes; visceral- parasite is spread by macrophages throughout body; sand fly vector; aka baghdad boil or kala azar
scabies
intense itching; often linear; sarcoptes scabiei; may see characteristic burrows or tunnels
