Diseases of Innate Immunity Flashcards
Vibrio cholerae
Uses endotoxin to cause the disease Cholera
Yersinia pestis
Releases endotoxin to cause the plague
Influenza virus
Uses direct cytopathic effect to cause the flu
What type of organisms infect the interstitial spaces?
Viruses, Bacteria, Protozoa, Fungi, Worms
What defense mechanism do we have against bacteria that infect interstitial spaces, blood and lymph?
Complement, macrophages, and neutrophils
What type of organism infects epithelial surfaces?
Neisseria gonorrhea, Candida albicans, Worms
What defense mechanisms do we have against pathogens that infect epithelia surfaces?
Antimicrobial peptides
What type of pathogens infect cytoplasm?
Viruses, Listeria, Protozoa
What defense mechanisms do we have against pathogens that infect cytoplasm?
Natural Killer Cells
What type of pathogens infect vesicles?
Mycobacteria, Trypanosomes, Crytococcus neoformans
What defense mechanism do we have against pathogens that infect vesicles?
Activated macrophages
Location that complement proteins are synthesized in the body
Liver
Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus express this to evade the complement system
Sialic acid, which has a binding site for Factor H which in turn binds to C3b when it deposits and recruits Factor I to inactivate C3b.
Loss of this causes a genetic predisposition to infection by Neisseria
Loss of C5 causes an inability to form the MAC complex resulting in a predisposition to gonorrhea and meningitis
Failure to synthesize this normal cellular structure results in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Impaired synthesis of glycophosphatidylinositol tails leads to failure of DAF, HRF, and CD59 to bind causing failed regulation of complement fixation and lysis of RBCs
