Diseases of Heart

Question 1

Arrhythmia

Answer 1

any change in a normal heart rate / rhythm (seen on EKG)

Question 2

Murmurs

Answer 2

valve doesn’t close properly so hissing or gurgling sound can be hear - sound of backflow

Question 3

Myocarditis

Answer 3

inflammation of heart bc of bacteria
treated with antibiotics
symptoms: chest pain, dysonea, tachycardia, fever

Question 4

Angina

Answer 4

chest pains caused by lack of O2 to heart
treated with nitroglycerine to dilate arteries
lowers BP

Question 5

Myocardial Infarction

Answer 5

lack of blood to muscle due to blockage of coronary artery
amount of damage depends on how much heart was deprived of O2
symptom: severe chest pain that radiates to left arm
treated with tPA (dissolve clot) + nitroglycerine

Question 6

Heart Failure

Answer 6

ventricles can’t contract effectively and blood pools in the heart
swelling in lower limbs because no enough energy to get blood back up
blood backs up into lungs
treated with digoxin to strengthen heart

Question 7

Angioplasty

Answer 7

opens clogged vessels by inserting a small inflatable device
BP higher (bc it’s clogged)

Question 8

Stent

Answer 8

tiny stainless steel tube that holds artery open after angioplasty

Question 9

Coronary bypass

Answer 9

vein from leg removed and attached around a coronary blockage

Question 10

Demand Pacemaker

Answer 10

fires only when heart rate drops below programmed min, acts as SA node

Question 11

Aneurysm

Answer 11

ballooning of an artery, thinning and weakening

Question 12

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 12

walls of arteries thicken and lose elascticity

Question 13

Atherosclerosis

Answer 13

fatty deposits form on wall of arteries