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Microbiology FINAL > Diseases List > Flashcards

Diseases List Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

AIDS

HIV

A
  • RNA (retrovirus)
  • lysogeny
  • gp120 attach to CD4+
  • vacc: NONE, but ideally.. inihibitors of..
    • reverse transcriptase
    • protease
    • integrase
  • infect as “dsDNA provirus” (lysogeny)
  • risk: pregnant patients
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2
Q

Zika

Zika virus

A
  • pregnancy risk
  • low mortality
  • trans: mosquitos (aedes aegypti); STD; parenteral
  • vacc: NONE
  • microcephaly; Barre
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3
Q

Polio

poliomyelitis

A
  • enterovirus
  • trans: fecal-oral
  • viremia, sore throat
  • next to eradiacte
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4
Q

Mumps

Mumps virus

A
  • target: lymphocytes
  • orchitis (testes)
  • meningitis
  • swelling glands
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5
Q

Mono/Epstein-Barre

HSV-4

A
  • Viral hepatitis
  • Burkitt’s Lymphoma
  • enlarged lymph node/spleen
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6
Q

Coccidiodomycosis/Valley Fever

C. arthroconodia

A
  • airborne/systemic mycosis
  • dimorphic
  • inhalation of dust
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7
Q

Pneumocystis

P. jiroveci

A
  • risk: immunocompromised patients

- opportunistic

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8
Q

Aspergillosis

A. fumigatus

A
  • opportunistic
  • risk: HIV patients
  • lungs fill w/myecelia => Pulmonary Infection
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9
Q

Kaposi’s Sarcoma

HHV-8

A
  • oncogenic

- risk: immunocompromised patients

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10
Q

Measles

A
  • respiratory droplet
  • Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis
  • CNS degeneration
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11
Q

Trypanosomes

Chagas’/African Sleeping Sickness

A
  • “true” protists
  • flagellated
  • vacc: NONE
  • antigenic shift: accumulate mutations, change protein
  • cysts

T. cruzi (Chagas’)
- kissing bug/triatome bug

T. gambiense/rhodesiense (ASS)
- tsetse flies

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12
Q

Candidiasis

C. albicans

A
  • normal flora!
  • dimorphic
  • opportunistic
  • risk: children; brushing mouth
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13
Q

Giardia

G. intestinalis

A
  • flagellated
  • ingestion
  • diarrhea
  • attach to intestinal epithelium
  • interfere w/nutrient absorption => malnutrition
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14
Q

Chickenpox/Shingles

HSV-3

A
  • droplet inhalation
  • Chickenpox: conjunctiva, resp. mucous (Chickenpox)
  • Shingles - latent stage, contagious
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15
Q

Toxoplasmosis

T. gondii

A
  • cyst forming
  • trans: fecal-oral, STD
  • oocyst in feces
  • ingestion
  • risk: pregnancy, AIDS patients
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16
Q

CJD/Kuru

A
  • cause of infection: proteins
  • NO nucleic acids
  • canabolism
  • sporadic stage (85%)
  • Eating cow meat infected w/Mad Cow => vCJD
  • vCJD (progressive dementia, speech abnormality)
17
Q

Cyclospora

C. cayentanesis

A
  • ingestion

- diarrhea

18
Q

Cryptococcosis

C. parvum

A
  • airborne/systemic mycoses
  • inhale pigeon droppings
  • risk: pneumonia; HIV patients
19
Q

Leishmaniasis

L. donovani

A
  • sandflies
  • slow-healing ulcers
  • lifetime immunity
20
Q

Keratitis

acanthameoba

A
  • water borne (tap water)

- diarrhea

21
Q

Tineas

A
  • cutaneous mycosis
  • direct contact
  • T. capitis (hair)
  • T. pedis (Athlete’s foot)
  • T. unguium (nailbed)
  • T. cruris (Jock itch)
22
Q

Rubella

German measles virus

A
  • risk: pregnant patients
  • respiratory droplets
  • Congenital Rubella Syndrome
23
Q

Ebola

A
  • trans: direct contact

- high mortality (80%)

24
Q

HSV-1/HSV-2

A
  • DNA

HSV-1 (Cold Sore)

HSV-2 (Genital Herpes)
- risk: pregnant patients

25
Q

Cryptospordium

A
  • spore-forming
  • ingestion
  • diarrhea
26
Q

Influenza

A
  • risk: pregnant patients
  • antigenic drift (small change/epidemic; big/pandemic)
  • antigenic shift - develop new strains
27
Q

Histoplasmosis

H. capsulatum

A
  • airborne/systemic mycoses

- inhalation of bird droppings from soil/dust

28
Q

Entameoba histolytica

A
  • ingestion
  • flagellated
  • dysentery/diarrhea
29
Q

Cytomegalo

HSV-5

A
  • risk: pregnancy
  • asymptomatic (mostly)
  • viral hepatitis
30
Q

Hepatitis (A-E)

A

HCV!!!!

  • oncogenic
  • liver transplant
  • trans: STD, blood, parenteral, organ transplant
  • vacc: NONE
  • Cirrhosis!!!
31
Q

Microspordia

A
  • risk: HIV patients
  • highly resistant - extrude polar (inject & multiply)
  • opportunistic
32
Q

Malaria

plasmodium

A
  • vector-borne (arthropods)
  • mosquitos (anopheles)
  • spore-forming
  • NOTE: merozoites (liver) infect blood
33
Q

Blastomycosis

B. dermatitidis

A
  • airborne/systemic mycosis
  • airborne
  • dimorphic
  • inhalation; can spread to skin
34
Q

Genital Warts

HPV

A
  • oncogenic

- STD

35
Q

Trichomoniasis

T. vaginalis

A
  • flagellated
  • trans: STD
  • symptomatic (women)

Microbiology FINAL (1 decks)

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