Diseases and Measurements

Question 1

Restrictive Lung Disease

Answer 1

A group of lung diseases that prevent the lungs from fully expanding with air. This restriction makes breathing difficult. Many forms of restrictive lung disease are progressive, getting worse over time. However, some causes of restrictive lung disease can be reversed.
e.g. Interstitial lung disease (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis)
Sarcoidosis, Obesity (obesity hypoventilation syndrome),
Scoliosis, Neuromuscular disease.

Question 2

Obstructive Lung Disease

Answer 2

People with obstructive lung disease have shortness of breath due to difficulty exhaling all the air from the lungs. Because of damage to the lungs or narrowing of the airways inside the lungs, exhaled air comes out more slowly than normal. At the end of a full exhalation, an abnormally high amount of air may still linger in the lungs.

Question 3

Active Cycle of Breathing Technique (ACBT)

Answer 3

Breathing Control - 20/30s
3x TEEs (max. vary if patient struggles)
Breathing Control - 20/30s
3x TEEs ('')
Breathing Control - 20/30s
Huffing, followed by cough if required.
This technique is used to help remove sputum from the lungs. Low and slow huff = smaller passageways
High and fast = larger, superior passageways.

Question 4

PEFR

Answer 4

Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), is a person’s maximum speed of expiration, as measured with a peak flow meter, a small, hand-held device used to monitor a person’s ability to breathe out air. A low PEFR can indicate asthma or an obstruction in the passageways.

Question 5

FEV1

Answer 5

Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second.
A lower-than-normal FEV1 reading suggests that you may be experiencing a breathing obstruction or indicate diseases like COPD