Diseases & Aging

Question 1

what are the effects of aging

Answer 1

• taste & smell receptors deteriorate –> loss of appetite & decrease enjoyment of food
• decrease in saliva & poor gag reflex –> dysphagia
• tooth loss –> chewing difficult
• activity of digestive organs decrease = poor absorption
• peristalsis slows = constipation
• tissue replacement slows –> digestive disorders

Question 2

PERITONITIS

Answer 2

inflammation of peritoneum follow infection covered by it (esp appendix)

Question 3

CARIES

Answer 3

tooth decay

Question 4

GINGIVITIS

Answer 4

gum disease

Question 5

PAROTITIS

Answer 5

inflammation of parotid glands

Question 6

MUMPS

Answer 6

highly contagious viral infection of parotid glands leading to permanent damage of sex organs

Question 7

GASTRIC REFLUX

Answer 7

weakness in cardiac sphincter allowing stomach acid to go to stomach

Question 8

s/s: GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE

Answer 8

• chronic heartburn/chest pain
• bitter taste in mouth
• difficulty swallowing
• frequent hoarseness/coughing

Question 9

VOMITING/EMESIS

Answer 9

expulsion of gastric & mab intestinal contents via mouth; s/s: nausea

Question 10

GASTRIC/PEPTIC ULCERS

Answer 10

inflammation of stomach that erodes mucosa forming ulcer

Question 11

PYLORIC STENOSIS

Answer 11

birth defect where constricted pyloric sphincter doesn’t allow food to pass easily into small intestine

Question 12

APPENDICITIS

Answer 12

inflammation of appendix; s/s: pain in LRQ bc of fecalith

Question 13

what are the 2 diseases apart of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Answer 13

Crohn’s disease & Ulcerative Colitis

Question 14

CROHN’S DISEASE

Answer 14

inflammation & ulceration of colon & rectum

Question 15

ULCERATIVE COLITIS

Answer 15

inflammation of distal intestine in adolescents & young adults; s/s: pain, diarrhea, weight loss, rectal bleeding

Question 16

IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME (IBS)

Answer 16

in young-mid adults; s/s: pain, constipation, diarrhea, over sensitive to stimulation

Question 17

DIVERTICULOSIS

Answer 17

diverticula in wall of intestine, gen in colon

Question 18

CELIAC DISEASE

Answer 18

autoimmune intolerance to gluten

Question 19

DIVERTICULITIS

Answer 19

collection of waste & bacteria in diverticula; s/s: pain & bleeding

Question 20

diverticulitis & diverticula are both caused by what

Answer 20

low fiber diets

Question 21

CONSTIPATION

Answer 21

hard stools/difficulty w/defecation

Question 22

DIARRHEA

Answer 22

abnormally frequent watery bowel movements

Question 23

INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION/INTUSSUSCEPTION

Answer 23

slipping of part of intestine into adjacent part (gen ileocecal region)

Question 24

VOLVULUS

Answer 24

twisting of intestine (gen sigmoid)

Question 25

COLON & RECTAL CANCER

Answer 25

1 of 6 most common cancers; adenocarcinomas grow from benign polyps

Question 26

CIRRHOSIS

Answer 26

chronic liver disease where active liver cells are replaced by inactive connective/scar tissue; cause: alcohol

Question 27

JAUNDICE

Answer 27

damage to liver/blockage interferes w/liver breaking down bilirubin & excreting it in bile; common in newborns w/immature livers; s/s: yellowing of skin & sclera

Question 28

HEPATITIS

Answer 28

inflammation of liver; s/s: hepatic cell destruction, loss of appetite, jaundice, liver enlargement; cause: drugs, alcohol, infection

Question 29

CHOLELITHIASIS

Answer 29

gallstones made of cholesterol & calcium salts; associate w/cholecystitis

Question 30

CHOLECYSTITIS

Answer 30

inflammation of gallbladder

Question 31

PANCREATITIS

Answer 31

back up of enzymes from blockage/gallstones causing destruction of pancreas from own secretions; acute or chronic; cause: trauma, alcohol abuse, drug treatment, infections, tumors