Diseases Flashcards
Tips
Big knee is synonymous to which disease
Carprine arthritis encephalitis
In CAE, which age group mostly presents with encephalitis
Kids usually less than 6months
Which target organs are usually affected by the CAE virus
Mammary gland viral mastitis
Lungs progressive pnuemonia
Tendon sheaths joints arthritis
Nervous tissue nuerological signs
How is CAE transmitted
Drinking infected milk as a kid or adult
Secretions(saliva respiratory, blood, semen)
Blood on instrunents
Is CAE a zoonosis
Yes
Name any three neurological diseases in goats
CAE
Polioencephalomalacia
Listeriosis
CAE
What is the nutritional cause of polioencephalomalacia
Low thiamine
Or high sulfur
Fast growing Sheep with dorsomedial strabismus, cortical blindness, opisthotonus. Responded well to vitamin B1 therapy
PEM
Treatment for PEM
Thiamine 10-20mg/kg tid
Reduce cerebral oedema by giving Dexa 1-2mg/kg, mannitol
Seizures diazepam
Supportive - transfuse, correct diet
What is the last sign to dissappear in treatment of PEM
Blindness
What are the nutritional toxicities or deficiencies can cause signs in PEM
Thiamine deficiency Sulfur toxicosis Water deprivation Lead toxicosis Sodium toxicity
What plants can give rise to a high Sulfur content
Alfafa
Brackenfern
Lambsquarter
What are the differentials for Cerebrocortical necrosis (PEM) in sheep
Listeriosis
Pregnancy toxemia
Type D clostridial enterotoxemia
Which type of feed contributes to low thiamine
Roughage vs grain
Grain. Roughage promotes rumen microbial activity which produces thiamine
How do u you diagnose PEM
Measure levels of thiamine
Sulfur content in diet, water
Necropsy-laminar cortical necrosis in the brain
What are the two types of caseous lymphadenitis
External form
Internal form
Typical signs of the internal form
Affects internal Lymphnodes and the viscera hence there is poor weight gain and ill thrift
What is the other name for listeriosis
Circling disease
Which part of the brain is affected in listeriosis
Brainstem
Which nerve is affected in listeriosis
Trigeminal nerve
Which function sensory or motor is affected in the trigeminal nerve
Both
What signs do you see when the motor and sensory functions of CN V is affected in listeriosis
Assymetric sensory loss on the face
Weak jaw closure (Food in the mouth)
What are the clinical manifestations of listeriosis
Encephalitis
Abortion
Septicemia
What is most clinical form of listeria in ruminants
Encephalitis
Monogastric animals have which clinical form of listeria
Septicemia
Clinically differentiate Listeriosis from pregnancy toxemia in ewes and Ketosis in cattle
Ear and facial paralysis is only seen in listeriosis
How do you confirm listeriosis
Only by isolation of listeria from brain or aborted placenta and fetus
Why is Listeriosis not routinely diagnosed by serology
Many healthy animals have high titres of listeria
What is the drug of choice in listeriosis
High dose penicillin IM daily 1-2weeks
What other drugs of choice are effective in listeria
Ceftiofur, erythromycin, trimethoprim/sulphonamide
Why does spoiled silage likely to Harbour listeria
High pH favors listeria
What is the cause of equine protozoal myelitis
Sarcosystis nuerona
