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Medical Term > Diseases > Flashcards

Diseases Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

How is infectious disease caused

A

Harmful microorganisms and other parasites that live at the expense of another organism

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1
Q

Types of disease

A 
Infectious 
Degenerative
Neoplasia
Immune disorders
Metabolic disorders
Hormonal disorders
Mental and emotional disorders
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2
Q

What is a pathogen

A

Any disease causing organism

Ex: viruses fungi worms Protozoa

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3
Q

What is Toxin

A

Microorganisms release byproduct that causes disease

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4
Q

What is sepsis

A

Presence of harmful microorganisms or their toxins in the body

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5
Q

Why does MYC/ O stands for

A

Fungus or mold

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6
Q

A positive organism stains what color

A

Purple

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7
Q

A negative organism stains what color

A

Red

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8
Q

Diplococci grows in

A

Pairs

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9
Q

Streptococci grows in

A

Chains

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10
Q

Staphlococci grow in

A

Clusters

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11
Q

What is a degenerative disease

A

Resulting from wear, tear, aging , or injury that can result in a wound and perhaps death of tissue

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12
Q

What is a trauma

A

Injury ( physical or psychological )

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13
Q

What is lesion

A

Wound

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14
Q

What is necrosis

A

Death of tissue

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15
Q

What are examples of degenerative disease

A

Arthritis
Cardiovascular problems
Respiratory disorders ( emphysema)
Structural malformations (prolapse,hernia)

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16
Q

What is prolapse

A

Dropping

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17
Q

What does cystoptosis means

A

Prolapsed bladder

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18
Q

What is a hernia

A

Rupture.

A protrusion of an anatomical structure through the wall that normally contains it

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19
Q

What is neoplasia

A

Abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue

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20
Q

What is a immune disorder

A

Failure for the body to make antibodies in its own tissue

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21
Q

What is autoimmune diseases

A

Body’s normal tolerance of antigens on its own cells is disrupted. Produced antibodies against its own tissue.

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22
Q

What is metabolic disorders

A

Resulting from lack of enzymes or others factors needed for cellular functions

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23
Q

Definition of malnutrition is

A

Inadequate intake of nutrients or inability of the body to absorb nutrients

24
Q

What is hormonal disorders

A

Caused by underproduction or overproduction of hormones, or inability of hormones to function properly

25
Q

What is mental/ emotional disorder

A

Affects the mind and adaptation of an individual to his or her environment.

26
Q

What is etiology

A

Cause of disease

27
Q

What is acute

A

A disease that is sudden, severe, and of short duration

28
Q

What is chronic

A

Disease is of long duration and progresses slowly

29
Q

What does EMT stand for

A

Emergency medical technician

30
Q

What is inflammation

A

Response to infection and other forms of disease, when cells are injured, they release chemicals that allow blood cells and fluid to flow into tissue.

31
Q

What are the four signs of inflammation

A

Heat
Pain
Redness
Swelling

32
Q

What is edema

A

Swelling or accumulations if fluid in tissues

33
Q

What is edema caused by

A

Inflammation
Blockage of fluid
Heart failure
Imbalance in body fluid composition

34
Q

What is neoplasm

A

Abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue

35
Q

Bengin

A

Does not spread

36
Q

Malignant

A

Spreads to other tissues

37
Q

A malignant cancer : Carcinoma involves what

A

Epithelial glands

38
Q

A malignant cancer : Adenocarcinoma involves

A

Glands

39
Q

The malignant cancer : Melanoma involves

A

Pigmented epithelium

40
Q

The malignant cancer : Sarcoma involves

A

Connective tissues or muscles

41
Q

What is a cyst

A

A sac or pouch filled with fluid or semisolid material. Caused by infecting or blockage of duct

42
Q

Alg/o

A

Pain

43
Q

Carcin/o

A

Cancer

44
Q

Cyst/o

A

Filled sac or pouch

45
Q

Lith

A

Stone

46
Q

Onc/o

A

Tumor

47
Q

Path/o

A

Disease

48
Q

Py/o

A

Pus

49
Q

Pyr/o or pyret/o

A

Fever, fire

50
Q

Scler/o

A

Hard

51
Q

Tox/o or toxic/o

A

Poison

52
Q

Brady

A

Slow

53
Q

Tachy

A

Fast

54
Q

Dys

A

Abnormal
Painful
Difficult

55
Q

Mal

A

Bad

Poor

56
Q

Pachy

A

Thick

57
Q

Xero

A

Dry

Medical Term (2 decks)

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