diseases

Question 1

what are the characteristics of nephritic syndrome?

Answer 1

1. limited proteinuria (<3.5 g/day)
2. oliguria & azotemia
3. salt retention w/ periorbital edema & htn
4. rbc casts & dysmorphic rbc in urine

bx shows hypercellular & inflamed glomeruli

Question 2

What are specific disease examples of nephritic syndrome?

Answer 2

1. poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
2. rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
3. IgA nephropathy (berger disease)
4. Alport Syndrome

Question 3

What are specific examples of nephrotic syndrome?

Answer 3

1. minimal change disease
2. focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
3. membranous nephropathy
4. membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
5. diabetes mellitus
6. systemic amyloidosis

Question 4

What are characteristics of nephrotic syndrome?

Answer 4

proteinuria >3.5 g/day

1. hypoalbuminemia (pitting edema, more general)
2. hypogammaglobulinemia: increased risk of infex
3. hypercoagulable state: loss of antithrombin III
4. hyperlipidemia & hypercholesterolemia: may result in fatty casts in urine