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Med-Student's Amnesia > Diseases > Flashcards

Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Addison’s Disease

A

Primary adrenocortical deficiency

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2
Q

Addisonian Anemia

A

Pernicious anemia

(antibodies to intrinsic factor or parietal cells –> Decrease IF –> decreased Vit B12 –> megaloblastic anemia)

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3
Q

Albrights Syndrome (5)

A
  1. Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
  2. precocious puberty
  3. cafe au lait spots
  4. short stature
  5. young girls
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4
Q

Alport’s Syndrom

A

Hereditary Nephritis with nerve deafness

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5
Q

Alzheimer’s

A

Progressive Dementia

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6
Q

Argyll-Robertson’s Pupil (4)

A
  1. Loss of light reflex contriction (contra- or bi- lateral)
  2. Prostitutes eue- accomodates, but does not react
  3. Pathognomonic for 3o Syphilis
  4. Lesion Pretectal region of superiour colliculus
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7
Q

Arnold-Chiari Malformation

A

Cerebellar tonsil herniation through foramen magnum= see thoracolumbar meningomyelcocele

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8
Q

Barrett’s

A
  1. Columnar metaplasia of lower esophagus- (increase risk of adenocarcinoma)
  2. Constant gastroesophageal reflux
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9
Q

Bartter’s Syndrome

A

Hyperreninemia

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10
Q

Becker’s Muscular Dystrophy

A

Similar to Duchenne, but less severe (mutation in dystrophin protein)

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11
Q

Bell’s Palsy

A

CN VII palsy

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12
Q

Berger’s Disease

A

IgA nephropathy causing hematuria in kids, usually follows infxn

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13
Q

Bernard-Soulier Disease

A

Defect in platelet adhesion

(abnormally large platelet and lack of platelet-surface glycoprotein)

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14
Q

Berry Aneurysm (2)

A
  1. Circle of Willis (subarachnoid bleed) Anterior Communicating Artery
  2. Often associated with ADPKD
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15
Q

Bowen’s Disease

A

Carcinoma in situ on shaft of penis (increases risk of visceral cancer)

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16
Q

Brill-Zinsser Disease

A

Recurrences of rickettsia prowazaki up to 50 years later

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17
Q

Briquet’s Syndrome (2)

A
  1. Somatization Disorder
  2. Psychological: multiple physical complaints without physical pathology
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18
Q

Broca’s Aphasia (2)

A
  1. Motor Aphasia (area 44 and 45)
  2. intact comprehension
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19
Q

Brown-Sequard

A
  1. Semisection of cord
  2. Contralateral loss pain and temp
  3. ipsilateral loss of fine touch, UMN
  4. ipsilateral loss of consc. proprioception
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20
Q

Bruton’s Disease (2)

A
  1. X-linked agammaglobinemia
  2. Decreased B cells
21
Q

Budd-Chiari (1) and sx (5)

A
  1. Post-hepatic venous thrombosis

Sx:

  1. ab pain
  2. hepatomegaly
  3. ascites
  4. Portal htn
  5. liver failure
22
Q

Buerger’s Disease (2)

A
  1. Acute inflammation of medium and small arteries of extremities –> painful ischemia–> gangrene
  2. Seen axclusively in young and middle-aged men who smoke
23
Q

Burkitt’s Lymphoma (4)

A
  1. Small noncleaved cell lymphoma—EBV
  2. 8:14 translocation
  3. Seen commonly in jaws, abdomen, retroperitoneal soft tissues
  4. Starry sky appearance
24
Q

Caisson Disease

A

Nitric gas emboli

25
Q

Chagas’ Disease

A

Trypansoma infection- cardiomegaly with apical atrophy, achlasia

26
Q

Chediak-Higashi Disease (1) and sx (4)

A

(AR) phagocyte deficiency = defect in microtubule with polymerization

  1. Neutropenia, albinism
  2. cranial neuropathy
  3. peripheral neuropathy
  4. repeated staph and strep infxn
27
Q

Conn’s Syndrom

A

Primary Aldosteronism:

HTN, hypokalemia, retain Na+ and H2O, decreased renin

28
Q

Cori’s Disease

A

Type III Glycogenosis- glycogen stoarge disease

(debranching enzyme: amylo1,6 glucosidase def. increase glycogen)

29
Q

Creutzfeldt-Jakob

A

Prion infection–> cerebellar and cerebral degeneration

30
Q

Crigler-Najjar Syndrome (3)

A
  1. Congenital hyperbilirubinemia (unconjugated)
  2. Glucuronyl transferase deficiency. Can progress to Kernicterus
  3. Less severe form will respond to Phenobarbital Therapy
31
Q

Chron’s Disease (3)

A
  1. IBD: ileocecum, transmural, skip lesions, cobblestones, lymphocytic infiltrate, granulomas
  2. (contrast to UC: limited to colon, mucosa and submucosa, crypt abscesses, pseudopolyps, increase colon cancer risk)
  3. Clinically: abdominal Pain and diarrhea; fever; malabsorption; fistula btwn intestinal loops and abdominal structures
32
Q

Curling’s Ulcer

A

Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns

33
Q

Cushing’s

  1. Disease
  2. Syndrome
  3. Clinical presentation (6)
A
  1. Disease: Hypercorticism 2o to ACTH from pituitary (basophilic adenoma)
  2. Syndrome- hypercorticism of all other causes (1o adrenal or ectopic)
  3. Moon face, buffalo hump, purple striae, hirsutism, HTN, hyperglycemia
34
Q

Cushing’s Ulcer

A

Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS trauma

35
Q

de Quervain’s Thyroiditis

A

Self-limiting focal destruction (subactue thyroiditis)

36
Q

Di-George’s Syndrome (3)

A
  1. Failure of 3rd and 4th pharyngeal pouches to form: Thymus and Parathyroid
  2. Thymic hypoplasia–T-cell deficiency
  3. Hypoparathyroidism–tetany
37
Q

Down’s Syndrome

A

Trisomy 21 or translocation–Simian Crease

38
Q

Dressler’s Syndrome

A

Post MI Fibrinous Pericarditis (autoimmune)

39
Q

Dubin-Johnson Syndrom (2)

A
  1. Congenital hyperbilirubinemia (conjugated)=bilirubin transport is defective not conjugation
  2. Striking brown-black discoloration of liver
40
Q

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

A

Deficiency of dystrophin protein–> MD x-linked recessive

41
Q

Edward’s Syndrome (2)

A
  1. Trisomy 18
  2. Rocker-bottom feet, low ears, small lower jaw, heart disease
42
Q

Ehler’s-Danlos

A

Defective Collagen

43
Q

Eisenmenger’s Complex

A

Late cyanotic shunt (R–>L) pulmonary HTN and RVH 2o to long standing VSD, ASD, or PDA

44
Q

Erb-Duchenne Palsy

A

Trauma to superior trunk of brachial plexus (Waiter’s Tip)

45
Q

Ewing Sarcoma

A

Malignant undifferentiated round cell tumor of bone in boys <15 years– +11;22

46
Q

Eyrthroplasia of Queyrat

A

Carcinoma in situ on glans penis

47
Q

Fanconi’s Syndrome

A

Impaired proximal tubular reabsorption 2o to lead poisoning or Tetracycline (glycosuria, hyperphosphaturia, aminoaciduria, systemic acidosis)

48
Q

Felty’s Syndrome

A

Rheumatoid arthritis, neutropenia, splenomegaly

49
Q

Gardner’s Syndrome

A

AD = adenomatous polyps of colon, osteomas and soft tissue tumors

Med-Student's Amnesia (2 decks)

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