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human anatomy > diseases > Flashcards

diseases Flashcards

1
Q

winter depression

A

Caused by lack of UV rays and vitamin D

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2
Q

1st degree burn

A

Part of the epidermis is burning (like a sunburn)

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3
Q

2nd degree burn

A

Most of epidermis is burnt (like a blister)

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4
Q

3rd degree burn

A

All of epidermis is burned (need a skin graft)

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5
Q

warts

A

A raised bump on the skin
Caused by a virus

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6
Q

acne

A

Hair follicle blocked oil glands
Kids have very thin hair therefore they do not get acne
Adults do not get acne because the skin expand

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7
Q

athlete’s foot

A

Caused by a fungus
rash/ itchy bumps on foot

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8
Q

Basal cell carcinoma

A

The stratum basal is cancerous and grows down, looking like a divot

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9
Q

squamous carcinoma

A

The stratum basal is cancerous and grows upwards, looking like a bump

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10
Q

Malignant melanoma

A

Melanocytes are cancerous, growing in all directions
Signs of this include moles/ freckles that are asymmetrical, have odd shaped borders, color change, or diameter

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11
Q

skin ulcer

A

Also known as a bedsore
Looks like a hole in the skin and is caused by a pinched blood vessel

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12
Q

shingles

A

Caused by the chickenpox virus coming out the second time

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13
Q

impetigo

A

Itchy gums caused by bacteria

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14
Q

psoriasis

A

Dry scaly skin
Caused by white blood cells

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15
Q

vitiligo

A

Cause is unknown
White spots formed from melanocytes no longer working

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16
Q

acute arthritis

A

Caused by bacteria
Feel bones hitting each other

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17
Q

osteoarthritis

A

Old people arthritis
Cartilage wears down

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18
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

White blood cells attack the cartilage

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19
Q

gouty arthritis

A

Caused by eating food high in nucleic acid (pig, crab, etc.)
Body dumps nucleic acid in a joint

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20
Q

osteoporosis

A

Osteoclasts still work but osteoblasts slow down

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21
Q

Bone spurs

A

Abnormal bone growth
Caused by compression (like tight shoes)

22
Q

Osgood Schlatter

A

A bump on the knee caused by tendon wrapping around epiphysis

23
Q

Myasthenia gravis

A

When the white blood cells take apart the protein receptors
Muscles don’t contract

24
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

Muscle develops holes
Muscle contracts and relaxes by itself and slowly gets worse

25
Q

meningitis

A

Myelin sheath breaks down
Tingly feeling

26
Q

ALS

A

Motor neurons shrivel up and die

27
Q

Parkinson’s

A

Body slows down making dopamine
Causes no pleasure

28
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

Cerebrospinal fluid cannot drain off the brain

29
Q

colorblind

A

When you are missing a cone in your eye

30
Q

glaucoma

A

When the vitreous humor cannot drain out of the eye and the eye pressure is so intense that the retina can pop off, causing blindness

31
Q

myopia

A

Near sighted
Can see close but not far away

32
Q

hyperopia

A

Far sighted
Can see far but not close

33
Q

astigmatism

A

Eyeball is football shaped

34
Q

cavity

A

Bacterial infection of the tooth

35
Q

pancreatitis

A

When enzymes take apart the tube from pancreas to small intestine

36
Q

gallstones

A

When bile gets too concentrated and turns solid

37
Q

Crohn’s disease

A

Inflammation of the small intestine
Caused by bacteria in water

38
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

Inflammation of the large intestine

39
Q

type 1 diabetes

A

Shows up early in life
Caused by bad pancreas that does not make enough insulin

40
Q

type 2 diabetes

A

Shows up later in life
Caused by being overweight

41
Q

gestational diabetes

A

Happens to pregnant women

42
Q

Heartburn

A

Pain in the chest caused by stomach acid going past the Cardiosophageal sphincter

43
Q

Appendicitis

A

Bacterial infection of the appendix

44
Q

Anemia

A

Blood cannot carry enough oxygen

45
Q

Polycythemia

A

Too many red blood cells
Caused by high altitude and bone marrow cancer

46
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

Too few platelets
Caused by an overactive spleen

47
Q

Leukemia

A

Too many white blood cells, but they are being made so fast they don’t know what to do
Caused by bone marrow cancer

48
Q

varicose veins

A

Valve breaks and fills with blood

49
Q

coronary heart disease

A

Blocking of coronary arteries

50
Q

hypotension

A

Low blood pressure

51
Q

hypertension

A

High blood pressure

human anatomy (6 decks)

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