Disease Processes

Question 1

Cardiac Tamponade

Answer 1

Beck’s Triad: Muffled Heart Tones, Jugular Vein Distention, Hypotension

Question 2

Increased Intracranial Pressure

Answer 2

Cushing’s Triad: Increased Systolic BP (Widening Pulse Pressure), Bradycardia, & Irregular Respirations

Question 3

Acute Appendicitis

Answer 3

Murphy’s Triad: RLQ Pain, Nausea/Vomiting, & Fever

McBurney’s Sign: Tenderness midway b/w ant-sup iliac crest & umbilicus

Dunphy Sign: RLQ pain w/ coughing

Roving Sign: RLQ pain w/ palpation of LLQ

Question 4

Congestive Heart Failure

Answer 4

CHF Triad: tachycardia, tachypnea and tender hepatomegaly

Question 5

Cholecystitis

Answer 5

Charcot Triad: fever, RUQ pain and Jaundice

Murphy’s sign: hesitation on inspiration due to painful palpation of gall bladder

Question 6

Trauma Death

Answer 6

Lethal trauma triad: Coagulopathy, Acidosis, Hypothermia

Question 7

Pediatric MVC Injury Pattern

Answer 7

Waddell’s Triad: Head Trauma, Thoracic and/or Abdominal Trauma, & Femoral Fracture

Question 8

Hypovolemic Shock

Answer 8

Shock Triad: Hypotension, Tachycardia, & Tachypnea

Question 9

Neurogenic Shock

Answer 9

Neuro Triad: Hypotension, Bradycardia, & Peripheral Vasodilation

Question 10

Anaphylactic Shock

Answer 10

Anaphylaxis: Dyspnea, Hypotension, Tachycardia, & Angioedema

Question 11

Septic Shock

Answer 11

Sepsis: Fever/Chills, Diaphoresis/Pallor, Hypotension, & Tachycardia

Question 12

Asthma Exacerbation

Answer 12

Asthma Triad: Bronchospasms, Airway Edema, & Increased Mucus Production

Question 13

Urinary Tract Infection

Answer 13

UTI’s: Painful Urination, Frequent Urination Urges, & Difficulty Urinating

Question 14

Ruptured Spleen

Answer 14

Kehr’s Sign: referred pain to L Shoulder

Question 15

Meningitis

Answer 15

Meningeal Triad: Headache, Nuchal Rigidity/Stiffness, & Fever/Chills

Kernig Sign: Patient cannot extend leg at the knee when hip is flexed (hamstring stiffness)

Brudzinski Sign: Passive flexion of the hips and/or knees in response to neck flexion

Question 16

Severe Internal Bleeding

Answer 16

Cullen’s Sign: Bruising to periumbilical area

Grey-Turner Sign: Bruising to flank(s)

Question 17

Basilar Skull Fracture

Answer 17

Battle’s Sign: Bruising/tenderness to posterior ears and/or eyes

Question 18

Upper Motor Neuron Dysfunction

Answer 18

Babinski Sign/Reflex: Upward movement of the toe(s) in response to stimulation to sole of the foot

Question 19

Alveolar Rupture

Answer 19

Hamman Sign: crunching noise synchronous w/ auscultation of heartbeat, NOT w/ respirations

Question 20

Upper GI Bleeding

Answer 20

Mallory-Weiss Syndrome: Junction between esophagus & stomach tears, causing severe bleeding/death

Boerhaave Syndrome: Forceful vomiting results in a tear extending entirely through the esophageal wall

Question 21

Damage to Ocular Cranial Nerves

Answer 21

Horner Syndrome: ptosis (eyelid droop), miosis (one-sided pupil constriction), one-sided lack of sweating

Question 22

Alcoholism/Malnutrition

Answer 22

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome: acute onset of confusion/delirium secondary to thiamine (B1) deficiency