Disease Processes Flashcards
Cardiac Tamponade
Beck’s Triad: Muffled Heart Tones, Jugular Vein Distention, Hypotension
Increased Intracranial Pressure
Cushing’s Triad: Increased Systolic BP (Widening Pulse Pressure), Bradycardia, & Irregular Respirations
Acute Appendicitis
Murphy’s Triad: RLQ Pain, Nausea/Vomiting, & Fever
McBurney’s Sign: Tenderness midway b/w ant-sup iliac crest & umbilicus
Dunphy Sign: RLQ pain w/ coughing
Roving Sign: RLQ pain w/ palpation of LLQ
Congestive Heart Failure
CHF Triad: tachycardia, tachypnea and tender hepatomegaly
Cholecystitis
Charcot Triad: fever, RUQ pain and Jaundice
Murphy’s sign: hesitation on inspiration due to painful palpation of gall bladder
Trauma Death
Lethal trauma triad: Coagulopathy, Acidosis, Hypothermia
Pediatric MVC Injury Pattern
Waddell’s Triad: Head Trauma, Thoracic and/or Abdominal Trauma, & Femoral Fracture
Hypovolemic Shock
Shock Triad: Hypotension, Tachycardia, & Tachypnea
Neurogenic Shock
Neuro Triad: Hypotension, Bradycardia, & Peripheral Vasodilation
Anaphylactic Shock
Anaphylaxis: Dyspnea, Hypotension, Tachycardia, & Angioedema
Septic Shock
Sepsis: Fever/Chills, Diaphoresis/Pallor, Hypotension, & Tachycardia
Asthma Exacerbation
Asthma Triad: Bronchospasms, Airway Edema, & Increased Mucus Production
Urinary Tract Infection
UTI’s: Painful Urination, Frequent Urination Urges, & Difficulty Urinating
Ruptured Spleen
Kehr’s Sign: referred pain to L Shoulder
Meningitis
Meningeal Triad: Headache, Nuchal Rigidity/Stiffness, & Fever/Chills
Kernig Sign: Patient cannot extend leg at the knee when hip is flexed (hamstring stiffness)
Brudzinski Sign: Passive flexion of the hips and/or knees in response to neck flexion
Severe Internal Bleeding
Cullen’s Sign: Bruising to periumbilical area
Grey-Turner Sign: Bruising to flank(s)
Basilar Skull Fracture
Battle’s Sign: Bruising/tenderness to posterior ears and/or eyes
Upper Motor Neuron Dysfunction
Babinski Sign/Reflex: Upward movement of the toe(s) in response to stimulation to sole of the foot
Alveolar Rupture
Hamman Sign: crunching noise synchronous w/ auscultation of heartbeat, NOT w/ respirations
Upper GI Bleeding
Mallory-Weiss Syndrome: Junction between esophagus & stomach tears, causing severe bleeding/death
Boerhaave Syndrome: Forceful vomiting results in a tear extending entirely through the esophageal wall
Damage to Ocular Cranial Nerves
Horner Syndrome: ptosis (eyelid droop), miosis (one-sided pupil constriction), one-sided lack of sweating
Alcoholism/Malnutrition
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome: acute onset of confusion/delirium secondary to thiamine (B1) deficiency