Disease: Its Symptoms And Treatments Flashcards
Severity
Rimtumas
Likelihood of recurrence
Pasikartojimo tikimybe
Expected outcome
Laukiami rezultatai
Medical history
:)
Symptoms
:)
Physical condition
:)
To make a diagnosis
Diagnozuoti
Suffering from
:)
Chronic
Letine
Acute
Ūminis
Benign or malignant
Gerybinis arba piktybinis
A runny nose
:)
Infection
:)
Communicable
Contagious
Non-contagious
:)
Physical
:)
Mental ilness
:)
Course of the illness
Ligos eiga
Curable or incurable
:)
Fatal
Mirtinas
Terminally ill
:)
Tentative diagnoses
Preliminarios diagnozes
Symptoms
:)
Promptly
Greitai
Severe bleeding (haemorrhaging)
Kraujavimas
Pain
:)
Ache
:)
Indigestion
:)
Ailment
Negalavimas
Ulcer
Opa
Dysentery
Dizinterija
Associated with
:)
Fever
:)
Cough
:)
Dry
:)
Produce a lot of phlegm
Gamina daug skrepliu
Thick mucus
Tirstos gleives
Sputum
Skrepliai
Fainting, dizziness
:)
Fatigue
Nuovargis
Red blood cell count
:)
Nausea
:)
Vomiting
:)
Intestinal
Zarnyno
Poisoning
:)
Reault from
:)
Balance
Pusiausvyra
Sweating, itching and rashes
:)
Syndrome
:)
Acute
Ūmus
Liver dysfunction
Kepenu disfunkcija
Prevent a recurrence
:)
Ascertain
Nustatyti
Infectious disease
Microorganisms
Fungi
Grybai
Protoza
Primuonys
Pathogens
Germs
Communicable
Contagious
Pass the disease to
Non-infectious
Chronic
Letine
Breakdown of tissues and organs
Audiniu ir organu irimas
Congenital
Igimti
Hormonal disorders
Environmental and occupational diseases
Profesines
Immunologica diseases
Mental illness
Iatrogenic disorder
An abnormal condition caused by the physician’s treatment
Idiopathic
Wihout any recognisable causes
exposed to
veikiamas
immunity
imunitetas
natural immunity
natūralus imunitetas
acquired immunity
įgytas imunitetas
exposure to germs
mikrobu poveikis
depends on
priklauso nuo
antibodies
antikūnai
vaccines
skiepas
vaccinated with
paskiepytas su
weakened
susilpnintas
booster shot
papildomas skiepas
drugs or medicine
vaistai
prescription
receptas
potent
stiprus
overdose
perdozuoti
addictive
kelinatis priklausomybe
to fill
surasyti
antibiotic drugs
antibiotikai
Made from fungi
pagaminti iš grybų
Inhibits the growth
slopina augimą
Allergic to
alergiškas
Narcotic drugs
narkotiniai vaistai
Painkillers
nuskausminamieji
Excessive
per didelis
Digitalis
digitalis
Anticoagulants
antikoaguliantai
Diuretics
diuretikai
Insulin
insulinas
Aspirin
aspirinas
Relieve pain
palengvinti skausmą
Blood-thinning properties
kraują skystinančios savybės
Heart attack
širdies smūgis
Common cold
peršalimas
Cure
išgydyti
Relieve the symptoms
palengvinti simptomus
Acetaminophen liet.
acetaminofenas (skausmą malšinantis)
Decongestant
dekongestantas (slogai gydyti)
Nasal stuffiness
užsikišusi nosis
Runny nose
sloga
Gargling with
gargaliavimas su
Sucking on
čiulpimas
Soothe a sore throat
nuraminti gerklės skausmą
Over-the-counter
be recepto
Laxatives
laisvinamieji
Tranquilisers
trankviliantai (raminantys)
Sedatives
raminamieji
Sleeping pills
migdomieji
Pep pills
vaistai nuo ŽIV
Surgery
operacija
Radiation therapy
radiacijos terapija
Chemotherapy
chemoterapija
Patient’s lifestyle
paciento gyvenimo būdas
Special diets
specialios dietos
Altering habits of exercise
besikeičiantys sporto įpročiai
Decreasing workload and stress
mažėjantis darbo krūvis ir stresas
Reduce inflammation –
sumažinti uždegimą
Debilitating conditions –
sekinančios sąlygos
Pollution
tarša
Over the hill –
– per senas
Migraine
migrena
Flu/influenza -
gripas
Cattarh
– kataras (susikaupia gleivės)
Measles, rubeola
tymai
Mumps, parotitis
kiaulytė
Epilepsy
epilepsija
Hepatitis
Peritonitis
– pilvaplėvės uždegimas
Indigestion
– sunkus virškinimas
Stroke, cerebrovascular accident -
insultas
Leukaemia -
hiv
Hay fever -
šienligė
Cold
peršalimas
Asthma
Coryza
– gleivinės uždegimas
Chicken-pox, varicella
vėjaraupiai
Whooping cough, pertussis
kokliušas
Rheumatism
reumatas (pažeidžia širdį, sąnarius)
Pneumonia
Jaundice
gelta
Appendicitis
Haemorrhage
kraujavimas
Tumour
navikas
Miscarriage
persileidimas
Allergic rhinitis –liet
alerginė sloga
Strep throat
ūminis kosulys
Bronchitis
Diabetes
German measles
vokiski tymai
Tuberculosis
Nephritis
nefritas
Malaria
Heart attack
širdies smūgis
cancer
vezys
allergy
a sore throat
skaudanti gerkle
Earache
ausies skausmas
Spots
dėmės/ spuogai
A black eye
A lump
gumbas
Diarrhoea
vidurvaimas
Painful joints
skausmingi sąnariai
blisters
pusleles
sunbrun
nudegimas nuo saulės
breathless
dusta
shivery
dreba
faint
silpnai
Particularly bad at night
ypač blogai naktį
depressed
prislegtas
constipated
užkietėję viduriai
Tired all the time
appetite
Take your temperature –
pamatuoti temp
Listen to your chest
paklausyti krūtinės
Look in your ears
apžiūrėti ausis
Examine you –
– apžiūrės tave
Take your blood pressure
pamatuoti kraujo spaudimą
Ask you some questions
paklausti keleto klausimų
Weight and measure you
pasvers ir pamatuos ūgį
Send to hospital for further tests
mumps
kiaulyte
pneumonia
rheumatism
reumatas
an ulcer
opa
sprained ankle
issukta kulksnis
Dislocated ankle –
išnirusi kulkšnis
Hypochondriac
– susirūpinęs, kad susirgs tam tikra liga
A brain haemorrhage
smegenų kraujavimas
– preparation of living, weakened, or killed microorganisms injected into the body so that the body will produce antibodies to fight the infection caused by those microorganisms.
Vaccine
– a symptom or condition indicating that a certain drug or procedure ordinary advisable should not be used in this particular situation or by a particular patient
Contraindication
– an abnormally high body temperature
Fever
– insufficiency of red blood cells
Anaemia
– an unusual or abnormal bodily condition such as a rash, cough, fever or pain
Symptom
– disease-causing microorganism
Pathogen (germ)
describes an ailment that comes on suddenly, has severe symptoms, and is of short duration.
Acute –
– describes an ailment that is likely to persist or recur in the patient over a considerable length of time
chronic
– excessive bleeding, internally or externally
Haemorrhage
– a protective protein that is produced in response to foreign material (an antigen, such as bacteria
Antibody
– a written instruction by a physician to permit a pharmacist to dispense medication to a patient
Praescription
– a combination of symptoms usually found in a particular disease
Syndrome
– feeling the need to vomit
Nausea
– restore health through medical treatment
Cure
– invasion of the body by disease-producing microorganisms
Infection
– the body fights an infection with antibodies and white blood cells
Immunity
– air expelled from the lungs suddenly and noisily
Cough
A wide range of drugs to relieve pain -
PAINKILLER
They help to remove excess fluid from the body -
DIURETICS
They increase activity -
STIMULANTS
These drugs are used to reduce and suppress swelling –
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY
Excellent painkillers originally derived from opium –
NARCOTIC DRUGS
One of the best known drugs which anyone can buy and use to relieve pain, inflammation and fever -
ASPIRIN
They prevent blood clots forming -
ANTICOAGULANTS
They soothe patients and help them sleep -
SEDATIVES
These are used to calm people and relieve anxiety -
TRANQUILISERS
Taken to relieve constipation -
LAXATIVES
These help to clear a stuffy nose -
DECONGESTANT
Antibiotics are sometimes given this name because of the rapid relief they bring to many infectious diseases –
MIRACLE DRUGS
It’s used in the treatment of diabetes -
INSULIN
It’s used to increase the performance of a weak heart –
DIGITALIS
dyfunction
Abnormality in the operation of a specified bodily organ or system
Blood poisoning term
Septicaemia
A bacteria, virus or other microorganism that can cause disease
pathogen
The manner of development of a disease
Pathogenesis
Relating to illness caused by medical examination or treatment
Iatrogenic
Not fully developed
Immature
Inflammation of nasal sinus
Sinusitis
An antibiotic against tuberculosis
Streptomycin
A disease which arises spontaneously
Idiopathy
A group of symptoms which consistently occur together
Symbiosis, syndrome
Runny nose – syn
rhinorrhea
Pass on –syn
transmit
Via –syn
through
Trigger –syn
cause
Pick up (virus) –syn
catch
Catch (disease) –syn
contract
Hoarseness –syn
dysphonia
Fever –syn
temperature
Fatigue –syn
tiredness
– weakness, feeling unwell syn
Malaise
Affect –
have an effect
Common –
frequently occurring
Contaminated –
made impure by contact with something unclean
– time between infection and disease
Incubation
– viscous, slimy lining of inner bodily cavities
Mucus
– sickness at the stomach
Nausea
– global epidemic
Pandemic
– to start a reaction, a chain of events, etc.
Trigger
Complicate –
facilitate
mild
severe
Resistant –
susceptible
Sold by prescription –
over-the-counter
Stimulate –
inhibit
Rhinoviruses –
peršalimo virusai
Adenoviruses –
kvėpavimo takų virusai
Respiratory syncytial virus –
ūminį bronchitą sukeliantis vir.
Develops immunity –
įgyja imunitetą
Reach their peak –
pasiekia viršūnę
Hoarse voice –
užkimęs balsas
Muzzy-headed –
pasimetęs
Respiratory viruses –
kvėpavimo takų virusai
Variability –
įvairovė
Impact on –
įtaka
possesses
valdo
Emerging –
atsirandantys
Subtype –
potipis
Isolated in –
izoliuotas
Transmission of the illness –
ligos perdavimas
Spread from person to person by tiny droplets –
plinta nuo žmogaus į žmogų mažais lašeliais.
Coughing and sneezing –
kosėjimas ir čiaudėjimas
Initial site –
pradinė vieta
Lining of the respiratory tract –
kvėpavimo takų audinys
Shed in
– išlieti
onset
pradzia
parsist
islikti
Underlying lung disease –
plaučių liga
Defective immune systems
– silpnas imunitetas
Upper and lower respiratory tract –
viršutiniai ir apatiniai kvėpavimo takai
Subsequent –
vėlesnis
Result in –
padaryti kažkokį rezultatą
Swine flu –
kiaulių gripas
Body aches –
kūno skausmai
Chills –
šiurpuliukai
Proper nutrition –
tinkama mityba
Malnutrition –
nepakankama mityba
Aetiology –
etiologija
Contemporary society –
šiuolaikinė visuomenė
Atherosclerotic vascular disease –
aterosklerozinė kraujagyslių liga
Hypertension –
padidėjęs kraujospūdis
Obesity –
nutukimas
Tooth decay –
dantų ėduonis
Osteoporosis –
osteoporozė
Inadequate nutrition –
netinkama mityba
Calorie-protein deficiencies
– kalorijų ir baltymų trūkumas
Goitre –
gūžys
Iodine deficiency
– jodo trūkumas
Blindness -
aklumas
Iron-deficiency anaemia –
mažakraujystė
Dental caries –
dantų ėduonis
Widespread –
paplitęs
boundaries
ribos
Large segments – dideli segmentai
Undernutrition –
nepakankama mityba
Impair physical and mental performance
– pakenkti fiziniam ir protiniam darbingumui
Sitology –
sitologija
Nutrients –
maistinės medžiagos
Ensures –
užtikrina
Hereditary background permits –
paveldimos kilmės leidimai
Consumed –
suvartotas
Keystone –
pagrindinis principas
Depends on –
priklauso nuo
Muscular activities –
raumenų veikla
Basal metabolism –
bazinė apykaita
Leisure or spare time –
laisvas laikas
Caloric balance
– kalorijų balansas
Cholesterol content of –
cholesterolio lygis
The latter –
pastarasis
Susceptibility to coronary heart disease
– jautrumas koronarinei širdies ligai
Cerebral haemorrhage –
smegenų kraujavimas
Hypercholesterolemia
– per didelis cholesterolio kiekis
Occurs in association with –
atsiranda kart su
Elevated blood pressure –
pakilęs cholesterolio lygis
Cardiovascular-related premature death
– su širdies ir kraujagyslių sistema susijusi priešlaikinė mirtis
Cigarette smoking –
cigarečių rūkymas
Diabetes mellitus –
cukrinis diabetas
Overweight –
viršsvoris
Infrequent physical activity
– retas fizinis aktyvumas
Protein –
baltymai
Carbohydrate –
angliavandeniai
Fat –
riebalai
Minerals –
mineralai
Vitamins –
vitaminai
Obtains and utilizes –
gauna ir naudoja
Vital constituents –
gyvybiškai svarbūs komponentai
Absorption –
sugėrimas
Elimination of body wastes
– kūno atliekų šalinimas
Urine and faeces –
šlapimas ir išmatos
Evaporation –
garinimas
Mineral nutrient fluoride –
mineralinis maistinis fluoridas
Lessening tooth decay –
sumažinti dantų ėduonį
Lessening the incidence of osteoporosis
– sumažinti osteoporozės dažnį
Hardening of the arteries (arteriosclerosis) –
arterijų kietėjimas
Cerebral, renal and peripheral artery disease –
smegenų, inkstų ir periferinių arterijų liga
Essential hypertension –
esminė hipertenzija
Aggravated by obesity –
apsunkintas nutukimo
Responsible for –
atsakingas už
Prevalent –
paplitęs
As manifested –
kaip pasireiškia
Scurvy –
skorbutas
Pellagra –
pellagra
Beriberi –
avitaminozė
Xerophtalmia –
kseroftalmija
Shortage of –
trūkumas
Organic compounds –
organiniai junginiai
Enzymes –
fermentai
Symbiotic intestinal microbiota –
simbiotinė žarnyno mikrobiota
Soluble either in fat or in water –
tirpsta riebaluose arba vandenyje
Inorganic compound –
neorganinis junginys
Obtain from food –
gauti iš maisto
Moderate quantities –
saikingi kiekiai
Trace minerals –
mineralai, kurių reikia mažai
Deficiency disease –
trūkumo liga
Retinol –
vitaminas a
Calciferol –
vitaminas D
Alpha tocopherol –
vitaminas E
Fish oil –
žuvų taukai
Exposure to sunlight –
saulės spindulių poveikis
Whole-grain cereals –
pilno grūdo dribsniai
Aids absorption –
padeda absorbcijai
Breakdown of fatty acids –
riebalų rūgščių skilimas
Night blindness –
nematymas prieblandoje
Dry scaly skin –
sausa žvynuota oda
Lowered resistance to infection –
mažesnis atsparumas infekcijai
Rickets –
rachitas
Failure of blood clotting system
– kraujo krešėjimo sistemos sutrikimas
Thiamine
– vitaminas B1
Riboflavin –
vitaminas B2
Leafy vegetables –
lapinės daržovės
Cracked skin –
suskilinėjus oda
Defective vision –
sutrikęs regėjimas
Lean meat –
liesa mėsa
Wheat germ –
kviečių grūdų gemalai
Pyroxidine –
vitaminas B6
Convulsions –
traukuliai
Fatty acids and amino acids
– riebalų rūgštys ir aminorūgštys
Oysters –
austrės
Impaired function of –
sutrikusi funkcija
– low bone density
Osteoporosis
– any substance that provides nourishment for growth or metabolism
Nutrient
– a source of materials to nourish the body
Nourishment
– being provided with adequate nourishment
Nourished
– hardening of the arteries
Atherosclerosis
– dry eyes
Xerophthalmia
– elevated blood pressure
Hypertension
– the process by which living organisms obtain food and use it for growth, metabolism, and repair. Its stages include ingestion, digestion, absorption, transport, assimilation, and excretion.
Nutrition
– a disease causing weakness and inflammation of nerves.
Beriberi
– severe deficiency causes a disease that induces internal bleeding and swollen joints.
Scurvy
– elevated sugar level in blood
Diabetes mellitus
– a disease in which bones and other hard parts of the body fail to grow properly.
Rickets
– to make or become extremely thin, especially as a result of starvation
Emaciate
– to go back to a former practice, condition, belief, etc.
Revert
– a period of excessive or uncontrolled indulgence in food or drink
Binge
– to change continually; vary irregularly; shift back and forth or up and down
Fluctuate
– a state of extreme hunger resulting from lack of essential nutrients over a prolonged period
Starvation
– an excessive amount
Overabundance
– limiting
Restrictive
– to cause evacuation of (the bowels)
Defecate
– having little resistance to a specific disease
Susceptible
– impairment of normal physiological function affecting part or all of an organism
Malady
– a persistent disturbing preoccupation with an often unreasonable idea or feeling
Obsession
