Disease Dilemas GC

Question 1

What is an infectious disease?

Answer 1

Diseases spread by pathogens

Question 2

What is a non-infectious disease?

Answer 2

Diseases that are not spread from host to host but are due to external actor such as lifestyle or genetics

Question 3

What is an Endemic?

Answer 3

When a disease is at normal level in a community (low levels)

Question 4

What is an epidemic?

Answer 4

Drastic increase in the number of people infected in a the same community

Question 5

What is a Pandemic?

Answer 5

An epidemic that has spread to several countries, affecting a large number of people

Question 6

What is a contagious Disease?

Answer 6

A class of infectious disease that can spread through indirect or direct contact between people

Question 7

What is a non-contagious disease?

Answer 7

One that are spread through vectors such as mosquitos

Question 8

What is a communicable disease?

Answer 8

Infectious disease that spread from host to host

Question 9

What are zoonotic diseases?

Answer 9

These spread from animal to humans

Question 10

What is distance decay?

Answer 10

The idea that the further away from the source of the disease the lower the incidence of cases

Question 11

What is expansion diffusion?

Answer 11

When an Infection spreads out from source in all directions from point of origin

intensifies in origin

Question 12

What is contagious diffusion?

Answer 12

This is when a disease spreads through direct contact

heavily influenced by distance

Question 13

What is Hierarchical Diffusion?

Answer 13

When a disease spreads through an order of places

E.g From cities to large urban areas to smaller urban areas

Question 14

What is Relocation Diffusion?

Answer 14

Infection spreads into a new area, leaving behind its origin or source of the disease

It dies out in its previous location

Question 15

What is Relocation Diffusion?

Answer 15

Infection spreads into a new area, leaving behind its origin or source of the disease

It dies out in its previous location

Question 16

What is the hagerstrand model?

Answer 16

It is model that maps a disease through 4 stages

Question 17

What are the 4 stages of the hagerstrand model?

Answer 17

Primary step
Expansion step
Condensation step
Saturation step

Question 18

What 3 Physical factors does malaria depend on?

Answer 18

Temperature
Humidity
Rainfall

Question 19

How does malaria rely on temperature?

Answer 19

between 18°C and 40°C mosquitos take more blood

increase numbers of eggs laid, increasing the number of vectors.

Question 20

How does malaria rely on Humidity?

Answer 20

At levels of over 60% the mosquito has better chances of survival and higher activity level

Question 21

How does malaria rely on Rainfall?

Answer 21

Female mosquito’s lay eggs on none moving bodies of water

Question 22

How can seasons influence outbreaks?

Answer 22

During certain seasons diseases have higher transmission rates

e.g flu in winter

Question 23

What diseases are more prevalent in ACs?

Answer 23

Lifestyle based diseases

e.g CVD and cancer

Question 24

What are the causes of lifestyle diseases in ACs?

Answer 24

Overnutrition and poor diet

poor exercise

Question 25

What diseases are more prevalent in LIDCs?

Answer 25

Communicable diseases caused through living conditions

Question 26

What causes diseases of poverty in LIDCs?

Answer 26

Poor environmental factors

E.g poor sanitation and waste disposal leading to breeding of vectors

Question 27

Who is WHO and what do they do?

Answer 27

The World Health Organization

They collect health data and give advice to countries around the worl while collaborating with them to help solve health issues

Question 28

What is a physical barrier?

Answer 28

Factors that lead to an isolation of people or communities and restriction of population movement

Question 29

What are 2 examples of physical barriers?

Answer 29

Mountain ranges
large water bodies

Question 30

What types of diseases are physical barriers good against?

Answer 30

contagious

Question 31

What is a disadvantage of physical barriers to disease management?

Answer 31

it can mean that it is harder for a community to receive humanitarian aid

e.g an earthquake can prevent airports from functioning

Question 32

What is an Alkaloid?

Answer 32

A Naturally occurring chemical compound, active ingredient in many medicinal drugs.

E.g. morphine

Question 33

What are Glycosides?

Answer 33

A compound formed from sugar and another compound, many medicines are when derived from plants

Question 34

What 3 conservation issues has the demand for medicinal plants created?

Answer 34

over harvesting - reducing populations and genetic diversity

4000 are endangered

Habitat destruction contributes to the vulnerability of medicinal plants