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Clinical > Disease Clinical Signs > Flashcards

Disease Clinical Signs Flashcards

1
Q

Motor neurone disease

A

Fasciculation
Wasting spasticity
Entensor Plantar reflexes
Upper motor neurone signs

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2
Q

Guillain Barre syndrome

A

Areflexia
Sensory loss
Muscle wasting

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3
Q

Myaesthenia Gravis

A

Ptosis
Opthalmoplegia
Fatiguability

Slurred speech

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4
Q

What can cause areflexia?

A

Guillain Barre syndrome
Multiple sclerosis
Motor neurone disease
Hypothyroidism

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5
Q

What can cause collapse?

A 
Syncope
Epileptic fit
Cardiac arrythmia
Hypoglycaemia
Pseudoseizure
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6
Q

Parkinson’s

A 
Tremor; at rest, pill rolling
Blank facial expression
Less hand gesturing 
Less blinking
less arm swing
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7
Q

Appendicitis

A 
Guarding on examination
Mass in right iliac fossa
fever
tenderness
Rovsing's sign
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8
Q

Acute pancreatitis

A 
Cullen sign
Grey turner sign
fever
epigastric tenderness
variable guarding
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9
Q

Common causes of LMN signs

A

Peripheral neuropathies
Radiculopathies
Anterior horn cell damage e.g. poliomyelitis or MND

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10
Q

Common causes of UMN signs

A

stroke, spinal cord pathology, MS, brain tumour

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11
Q

Causes of polyneuropathy

A 
HIV
Leprosy
Guillain Barre
Diabetes mellitus 
Renal failure
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12
Q

Which cranial nerves decussate?

A

optic
trochlear
facial
hypoglossal

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13
Q

Addison’s disease

A

weight loss
abnormal pigmentation; vitiligo etc
buccal pigmentation

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14
Q

Cushing’s syndrome

A 
central obesity, round face
hyperpigmentation
bruising
striae
proximal muscle weakness
oedema
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15
Q

Hypopituitarism

A

absent axillary hair
fine pale skin
testicular atrophy

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16
Q

Acromegaly

A 
greasy/oily thickened skin
prognathism
lower teeth separation
enlarged feet (widened)
large fleshy hands
17
Q

Diabetes Mellitus

A

peripheral neuropathy
Kussmaul breathing if ketoacidosis
hair loss

TYPE 2 acanthosis nigricans

18
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

myxoedema
goitre
husky voice

19
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A 
goitre (diffuse)
muscle weakness
exopthalmos
pretibial myxoedema
thyroid acropachy

Clinical (9 decks)

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