discussion Flashcards
why is water called a polar molecule
permanent dipole
what type of bond holds oxygen and hydrogen together in water
covalent
how do hydrogen bonds affect cohesivity and adhesivity
increase
what is the property of water that dampens seasonal temperature range in san Francisco vs norfolk
large heat capacity
what property of water helps us feel cooler when we perspire
large latent heat of evaporation
why is the sea salty
ions dissolved in good solvent from magma and volcanic eruptions and erosion
what is the principle of constant proportions
ratio of major salts is constant - long residence time
what influences the major sources and controls on elements in seawater
biological
volcanos
weathering
hot basalts
why is carbon dioxide low near the surface and abundant at depth
photosynthesis at the surface and respiration at depth
what are the major chemical species of carbon dioxide in seawater
carbonic acid, bicarbonate ion, carbonate ion, calcium carbonate, carbon dioxide
what is the most abundant carbonate species at depth
bicarbonate
in terms of calcium carbonate, what is meant by saturation/ undersaturation
if more calcium carbonate than the solubility constant it is saturated.
saturated at the surface and undersaturated at depth
how does increasing pressure and temperature affect calcium carbonate solubility
increases solubility so no precipitate in deep ocean
what causes seasonal fluctuations in atmospheric carbon dioxide
photosynthesis - in summer leaves absorb carbon dioxide and decay in winter releasing carbon dioxide
what amount of anthropoenic carbon dioxide remains in the atmosphere
57%
