Discussion 3 Flashcards
1
Q
The World’s Drug Scene are?
A
- Middle east
- Spain
- South america
- Mexico
- Philippines
- India
- Indonesia
- Singapore, malaysia and thailand
- China
- Hong kong
- Japan
2
Q
the Becka Valley of Lebanon is considered to be the biggest producer of the Middle East. Lebanon also became the transit country for cocaine from South America to European illicit drug markets.
A
Middle East
3
Q
also became the transit country for cocaine from South America to European illicit drug markets.
A
Lebanon
4
Q
is known as the major transshipment point for international drug traffickers in Europe and became the “Paradise of Drug Users in Europe”.
A
Spain
5
Q
Colombia, Peru, Uruguay and Panama are the principal sources of cocaine supply in the worid due to the robust production of the coca plants, the source of the cocaine drug.
A
South America
6
Q
is known in the world to be the number one producer of marijuana (cannabis sativa i.)
A
Mexico
7
Q
second to Mexico as to the production of Marijuana.
A
Philippines
8
Q
It also became the major transshipment point for the worldwide distribution of illegal drugs particularly shabu and cocaine from Taiwan and South America.
A
Philippines
9
Q
is known as the “Paradise of drug abusers in Asia”
A
Philippines
10
Q
is the center of the world’s drug map, leading to rapid addiction among its people.
A
India
11
Q
Northern Sumatra has traditionally been main cannabis growing area in Indonesia.
A
Indonesia
12
Q
is an important transit point for drugs en route to Australia and New Zealand.
A
Bali, Indonesia
13
Q
is the most favorable sites of drug distribution from the “Golden Triangle” and other parts of Asia.
A
Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand
14
Q
is the transit route for heroin from the Golden Triangle to Hong Kong.
A
China
15
Q
It is also the country where the “epedra” plant is cultivated source of the drug ephedrine - the principal chemical for prociucing the drug shabu.
A
China
16
Q
- the world’s transshipment point of all forms of heroin.
A
Hong Kong
17
Q
- became the major consumer of cocaine and shabu from the United States and Europe.
A
Japan
18
Q
The Organized Crime Groups Behind the Global Drug Scene are?
A
- The columbian medellin cartel
- The cali cartel
- The chinese triad
- Drugs indicate in the philippines
19
Q
It was founded during the 1980’s by Columbian drug lords in the name of Pablo Escobar Gaviria and drug bosses Jose Gonzalo Rodriguez Gacha and the top aid cocaine barons Juan David and Ochoa Brothers.
A
- The Columbian Medellin Cartel
20
Q
is reputedly responsible for organizing world’s drug trafficking network. The Columbian government succeeded in containing the Medellin Cartel, which resulted in the death, surrender, and arrest of the people behind the organization. This further resulted to the disbandment of the Cartel led to its downfall.
A
Medellin Cartel
21
Q
The downfall of the Columbian Medellin Cartel is the rise of the Cali Cartel - the newly emerged cocaine monopoly.
A
The Cali Cartel
22
Q
Gilberto Rodriguez Orajuela - better known as
A
Don Chepe
23
Q
“the Chinese player heads the syndicated organization. Under him, the Call Cartel was considered the most powerful criminal organization in the world.
A
Gilberto Rodriguez Orajuela Or
Don Chepe
24
Q
produces over 90% of cocaine in the world. Due to this, it was called the best and brightest of the modern underworld.
A
Cali Cartel
25
They are protesesonals of the highest order, Intelligent, efficient, imaginative and nearty impenetrable US Drug Enforcement Agency.
Cali cartel
26
also called the Chinese Mafia is the oldest and biggest criminal organization in the world.
3. The Chinese Triad
27
It is believed to be the controller of the "Golden Triangle" with international connection on drug trafficking.
3. The Chinese Triad
28
-based Chinese syndicate has been identified as the nucleus of the Triad Society, the Bamboo gang based in Taiwan and 14K based in Hong Kong.
Binondo
4. Drug Syndicates in the Philippines
29
is influenced of the Green gang of the Chinese Triad while the 14k is the newest among the triad families established only in 1947.
Bamboo gang
30
General Drug Classification are?
1. According to the effects
2. According to medical pharmacology
3. According to categories
31
are group of drugs that has the effect depressing the CNS.
1. Depressants
32
are group of drugs having the effect of stimulating the CNS
2. Stimulants
33
refers to the group of drugs that are considered to be mind altering drugs and give the general effect of mood distortion.
3. Hallucinogens
34
b. According to Medical Pharmacology are?
1. Depressants
2. Narcotics
3. Tranquilizers
4. Stimulants
5. Hallucinogens
6. Solvent/inhalants
35
c. According to Legal Categories are?
Prohibited drugs
Regulated drug
Volatile substance ( PD 1619)
36
Refers to the group of drug opium and its derivatives morphine, heroin, codeine etc.
Narcotics
37
Refers to the group of drug cocaine alpha and beta eucaine, etc.
Stimulants
38
Refers to the group of drugs like marijuana, LSD, Mescaline, ect.
Hallucinogens
39
Prohibited drugs are?
Narcotic
Stimulants
Hallucinogens
40
Regulated Drugs are?
Barbiturates
Hypnotics
Amphetamines
41
- refers to the group of depressants drug known as Veronal like luminal, amytal, Nembutal, surital, busitol, penthontal, seconal, etc.
Barbiturates
42
are group of drug cocaine, alpha, beta eucaine, etc.
B. Hypnotics
43
are group of stimulant drugs like Benzedrine, Dexedrine, methedrine preludin, etc.
C. Amphetamines
44
the group of liquid, solid or mixed substances having the property of releasing toxic vapors or fumes which when sniffed, smelled, inhaled or introduced into the physiological system of the body produces or induces a condition of intoxication, excitement or dulling of the brain or nervous system. Examples of this drug are glue, gasoline, kerosene, ether, thinner, lacquer, etc.
3.Volatile Substance (PD 1619)
45
A. Depressants (downers) are?
1. Narcotics
2. Opium
3. Morphine
4. Heroin
5. Codeine
6. Paregoric
7. Demerol and methadone
8. Barbiturates
9. Seconal
10. Tranquilizer
11. Volatile solvent
12. Alcohol
46
- these are drugs which suppress vitai body functions especially those of the brain or central nervous system with the resulting impairment of judgment, hearing, speech and muscular coordination.
Depressants (downers)
47
are drugs which relieve pain and produce profound sleep or stupor when introduced to the body.
Narcotics
48
this the coagulated juice of the opium poppy (Papaver Somniferum L.)
Opium
49
popularly known as "gum", or "gamot", "kalamay" or "panocha".
Opium
50
A plant that can grow from 3 to 6 ft. in height originally in Mesopotamia.
Opium
51
its active ingredients is meconic acid - the analgesic property.
Opium
52
- This is the active component of the opium plant, Papaver Somniferum.
Morphine
53
is derived from the name of the GREEK GOD OF DREAMS, "Morpheus. "
"morphine"
54
It comes in white crystalline powder form or, sometimes, in small white tablets or cubs.
Morphine
55
Its street names include "dreamer," "M," "emma," "pulbos," and "emcel.". Effective as a painkiller Six times potent than Opium, exerts action characterized by analgesia, drowsiness, mood changes and mental
clouding.
Morphine
56
- technically known as diacetylporphine (INN), it is three to five times powerful than morphine from which it is derived and the most addicting opium derivative. With continued use addiction occurs within 14 days.
Heroin
57
It may be sniffed or swallowed but it is usually injected in the veins. Its street names include "smack," "diesel," "heron," "scag," "horse," "black tar," "junk, "dark," "H" and "brown".
Heroin
58
this is a derivative of morphine and component of opium, and is ten times less effective as morphine. On the streets, users and dealers often call it "schoolboy".
Codeine
59
tincture of opium in combination with camphor. Commonly used as a household remedy for diarrhea and abdominal pain.
Paregoric
60
commonly synthetic drugs with morphine like effects used as a
painkiller in childbirth with methadone is the drug of choice in the withdrawal treatment of heroin dependents since it relieves the physical craving for heroin.
7.Demerol and Methadone
61
are drugs used for inducing sleep in persons plagued with anxiety, mental stress and insomnia. They are also of value in the treatment of epilepsy and hypertension.
8. Barbiturates
62
- commonly used among the hospitality girls.
9. Seconal
63
are drugs that calm and relax and diminish anxiety. They are used in the treatment of nervous state and some mental disorders without producing sleep.
10. Tranquilizers
64
-gaseous substances popularly known to abusers as gas, teardrops.
11. Volatile solvent
65
the king of all drugs with potential for abuse.
12. Alcohol
66
B. Stimulants (Uppers) are?
Amphetamines
Cocaine
Caffeine
Shabu or poor man's cocaine
Nicotine
67
theses are drugs that enhance the users mental and physical condition by improving alertness and stamina, respectively.
Stimulants (Uppers)
68
- used medically for weight reducing in obesity, relief of mild depression and treatment. This is a stimulant prescribed to relieve minor cases of mental depression, to minimize ones appetite, and to relieve fatigue and sleepiness. This are often used to promote wakefulness and increase energy. Common street names include "lid poppers," "eye opener," "pep pills," "hearts," and "uppers."
1. Amphetamines
69
the drug taken from the coca bush plant (erythroxylon coca) grows in South America.
2. Cocaine
70
It can be taken orally, injected or sniffed as to achieve euphoria (physical comfort) or an intense feeling of highness. This is extracted from coca bush leaves. Natives of Andes mountain chew its leaves to relieve fatigue when working at high aititudes. Cocaine is white in its pure form and consists of bright, colorless crystals that look like snow. In its powder form, cocaine is bitter and odorless. It street names include "crack", "coke," "heaven's dust," "gold dust," "stardust," and "white girl". When mixed with heroin, it is called "speedball"
Cocaine
71
- this is a mixture of cocaine and either morphine or heroin.
Speedball
72
-This is a bitter methylxanthine or alkaloid commonly found in regular beverages, such as coffee, tea, chocolate, cola drinks and some wake up pills.
3. Caffeine
73
chemically known as methamphetamine hydrochloride, it is a central nervous system stimulant and sometimes called opper or speed
4. Shabu or "poor man's cocaine"
74
This was originally synthesized from ephedrine extracted from the ephodra plant (Ma Huang) by the Japanese scientist Dr. Nagayoshi Nagai in 1888. The term "shabu" is a Japanese word that means "when you use it you will become thin as bones".
Shabu or "poor man's cocaine"
75
an active component in tobacco which acts as a powerful stimulant of the CNS
5. Nicotine
76
Hallucinogens ( psychedelic) are?
Marijuana
Lysergic acid diethylamide LSD
Mescaline
Psilocybin
Morning glory seeds
STP
77
- the group of drugs that consists of a variety of mind altering drugs, which distort reality, thinking and perception of time, second, space and sensation.
Hallucinogens (Psychedelic)
81
According to effects of drugs
Depressant
Stimulants
Hallucinogens
82
it is the most commonly abused hallucinogens in the Philippines because it can be grown extensively in the country. Its street names include the following: "damo," "flower," "mary jane," "brownies," "pampapogi," "tea," "Joint," "pot," etc.
1. Marijuana
83
is the most powerful of the psychedelics obtained from ergot, a fungus that attacks rye kerneis. LSD is 1, 000 times mere powerful than marijuana as supply, large enough for a trip can be taken from the glue on the flab of the envelope, from the page of the postage stamp or from the hidden areas inside one's clothes. Its street names include the following: "Lucy in the sky with diamonds," "cubes," "acid," "lighting," "wedding belis, "brain eaters, "white sugar," etc.
2. Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)
84
it is the alkaloid hallucinogen extracted from the peyote cactus and can also be synthesized in the laboratory. These are brown in color and look like the underside of a mushroom, these buttons are commoniy ground into powder with dark brown color and then contained in gelatin capsules. Its street names include "buyyons," "cactus," "beans," etc.
3. Mescaline
85
hallucinogenic alkaloid from small Mexican mushrooms are used by Mexican Indians today. On the streets, it is known as "magic mushroom."
4. Psilocybin
86
- the black and brown seeds of the wild tropical morning glory that are used to produce hallucinations.
5. Morning Glory seeds
87
it is a take off on the motor oil additive. It is a chemical derivative of mescaline claimed to produce more violent and longer effects than mescaline dose.
6. STP
88
Commonly Abused Drugs are?
Sedatives
Stimulants
Hallucinogens
Narcotics
89
are drugs, which reduce anxiety and excitement such as barbiturates, non-barbiturates, tranquilizers and alcohol.
1. sedatives
90
are drugs, which increase alertness and activity such as amphetamines, cocaine and caffeine.
2. stimulants
91
drug which effect sensation, thinking, self-awareness and emotion
3. hallucinogens
92
drugs that relieve pain and often induce sleep.
4. Narcotics
93
The Three Most Popular Plants as Sources of Dangerous Drugs are?
Marijuana plant
Opium poppy plant
Coca bush plant
94
is a Spanish- Mexican term used to refer to the Indian hemp plant. It is a plant that grows in tropical region and attains an approximate height of 15 to 20 feet. Scientifically named as Cannabis Sativa L. and a member of the Cannabinae family of plants having asexual differentiation of being dloucious (separate male and female plant). The female plant is known as the pistillate (shorter but long lived). While the male plant is called the Statinate (taller but short lived). It leaves formed a finger like look add in numbers from 3 to 13 fingerlike leaves. The stalk of the piant can attain a height of 3 to 16 feet while roots can attain a length of approximately 8 inches. The resin is called hashish can be found on the most top portion of the female plant. The active ingredient or alkaloid of the plant is called Cannabin, the one that produces the physiological effect. Or the Tetrahydrocannbinnol (THC) the concentrated alkaloid which is 5 to 20 times stronger that the piain marijuana piant. The means of using the drug varies from ingestion to smoking.
A. The Marijuana Plant
95
The world's oldest cultivated plant source of dangerous drugs. It was cultivated by the INCAS of PERU. It was use by the ASSYRIANS IM 9000BC in their religious rituals and was called SACRED TREE.
Marijuana Plant
96
Types of Weeds are?
Sativa
Indica
Ruderalis
97
is characterized by leaflets that are more narrow, branches that are farther apart, and coloration that tends more toward spring green. Sativa Sativa plants tend to be taller and produce fewer flowers.
1. Sativa
- Cannabis Sativa Sativa
98
is characterized by broad leaflets that overlap, branches that are closer together, and coloration that tends more toward deep olive green. Sativa Indica plants tend to be shorter and bushler, producing fuller, denser flower buds.
2. Indica
- Cannabis Sativa Indica
99
is characterized by varied leaflets in the mature leaves, a shorter stature and generally small size. This subspecies is used to create S. Sativa or S. Indica hybrids with select desired traits.
3. Ruderalis
- Cannabis Ruderalis
100
is scientifically, known as PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM. The word papaver is a Greek term which means poppy while the word somniferum is a Latin term which means dream/induced sleep. The plant can grow from 3 to 6 feet in height originally in
B. The Opium Poppy Plant
101
called it as Hul Gil which means, plant of joy due to its joyful effect when administered. its active ingredient is the Meconic Acid the analgesic property. The dangerous drug that can be derived from the plant are morphine, heroine and codeine
Sumerians
102
is schematically known as ERYTHROXYLON COCA common in South America. The plant grows in mountainous and tropical climate areas, on clay like soil. A fully grown cultivated coca plant attains a height of 6 to 8 feet and can be harvested 3 to 4 times in a year.
C. The Coca Bush Plant
103
104
The dangerous drug that can be produced from this plant is the drug Cocaine - the most powerfui naturai stimulant known as Cocaine Hydrochioride.
C. The Coca Bush Plant
105
Characteristics of Drug Addiction are?
Physical dependence
Withdrawal syndrome
Uncontrollable craving
Tolerance
Addiction
Psychological dependence
106
- the body becomes sick, inactive and incapable carrying the userui activity in the absence of the drug.
1. Physical Dependence
107
- the addict becomes nervous and restless when he does not get the drug. After about 12 hours, he starts sweating. His nose and eyes become watery and continue doing so increasingly for another 12 hours.
2. Withdrawal Syndrome
108
- the addict feels a compulsive craving to take drug repeatedly and tries to procure the same b means.
3. Uncontrollable Craving
109
it is the tendency to increase the dose of the drug to produce the same effects as to the original effect.
4. Tolerance
110
- the addict is powerless to quit drug use.
5. Addiction
112
How Addiction is acquired?
Association
Experimentation
Inexperience doctors
Habituation
Toleration
Defendance
113
the tendency of a drug abuser to look for peer groups where he feels being wanted and accepted.
Association
114
the tendency of a person to try and explore the effects of drugs due to curiosity or other reasons.
✔ Experimentation
115
emotional and mental discomfort exist to the individual.
6. Psychological Dependence
117
-refers to the necessity to increase the dose to obtain an effect equivalent to the original dose.
✓ Toleration
118
is characterized by broad leaflets that overlap, branches that are closer together, and coloration that tends more toward deep olive green. Sativa Indica plants tend to be shorter and bushler, producing fuller, denser flower buds.
2. Indica
- Cannabis Sativa Indica
119
Primary Causes of Drug Abuse are?
Situational users
Spree users
Hardcore users
Hippies
120
- use drugs to keep them awake or for additional energy to perform an important work like night security guard, driver and kargador.
1. Situational Users
121
- students who for fun or curiosity used drug.
2. Spree Users
122
- those whose activities revolve almost entirely around the drug experience and securing supplies. They show strong psychological dependence on drug.
3. Hard Core Users
123
-the altered physiological state brought about by the repeated administration of the drug, which necessitates the continued use of the drug to avoid withdrawal syndrome.
✓ Dependence
124
Effects to the family:
1. Intense feeling of humiliation and guilt are feit by family members;
2. The spirit of togetherness or unity are broken; Occurrence of domestic violence;
3. Loss of money or valuable;
4. Loss of unity among family members
125
Effects to the community:
1. Increase of petty crimes in the community (Physical Injuries, rape, hold-upping, bag snatching, stealing by "akyat-bahay gang" and "bukas-kotse gang" and others)
2. Increase of drug dependent and drug pusher in the community;
3. Fear of community residents to drug dependents specially at night;
4. Increase in heinous or anti-social crimes;
5. Downfall of social values of the country;
6. increase of immorality and ioss of moral fiber of the society (Prostitution, pedophilia, child abuse);
126
- those believing that, drug is an integral part of life.
4. Hippies
127
the medical service rendered to a client for the effective management of the physical and mental conditions related to drug abuse.
1. Treatment
128
Aims of treatment:
A. to prevent death from overdose.
B. to make them comfortable during the withdrawal period.
C. to encourage confirmed drug dependent clients to undergo rehabilitation.
129
- it is a medically supervised elimination of drugs from the system of any addicted person.
Detoxification
130
Methods of Detoxification
Cold turkey
Subtitution
Reduction method
131
- self drug withdrawal
1. Cold Turkey
132
the use of methodex, catapress, haemasin, dextropropoxyphene, tranquilizers.
2. Subtitution
133
using the same drug to which the patient is dependent. The process coul be gradual.
3. Reduction Method
134
- the dynamic process directed towards the physical, emotional psychological, vocational, social and spiritual change to prepare a person for the fullest life compatible with his capabilities and potentialities, and render him able to become a law abiding and productive member of the community without abusing drugs.
2. Rehabilitation
135
Methods of Rehabilitation:
Psycho therapeutic method
The spiritual and religious means
The follow up and after care
136
TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION APPROACH ARE?
Treatment
Rehabilitation
137
1. Psycho therapeutic methods are?
A.individual therapy
B. group therapy
C. the family therapy
138
This is the development of moral and spiritual values of the drug dependent
The spiritual and religious means
139
is characterized by varied leaflets in the mature leaves, a shorter stature and generally small size. This subspecies is used to create S. Sativa or S. Indica hybrids with select desired traits.
3. Ruderalis
- Cannabis Ruderalis
140
-the tendency of doctors and physicians to unnecessarily prescribe drugs.
✓ Inexperienced doctors
141
is scientifically, known as PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM. The word papaver is a Greek term which means poppy while the word somniferum is a Latin term which means dream/induced sleep. The plant can grow from 3 to 6 feet in height originally in
B. The Opium Poppy Plant
142
-repetitious engagement of drug use which is closely related to the experience of the euphoric effect of drugs, and the relief of pain or emotional discomfort.
✓ Habituation
168
The process of rehabilitation does not end upon release or discharge of client from a center
The follow up and after care
