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Takeoff landing altimeter setting procedures
During take off or initial climb
i. Prior to take off set altimeter to QNH
ii. During climb and while at the transition altitude, references to the vertical position of the aircraft shall be in terms of altitudes.
iii. On penetrating the transition altitude, reference of the aircraft will be in terms of flight level with the QNH set to standard 29.92/1013.25HPa.
Takeoff landing altimeter setting procedures
Enroute
i. At or below transition altitude, altimeter will be set to QNH and vertical position in air ground communication will be in terms of altitudes.
ii. Above transition altitude, altimeters will be set to standard and vertical position of the aircraft shall be reported in terms of flight levels.
Takeoff landing altimeter setting procedures
Descent Approach and Landing
i. Prior to descent – obtain transition level
ii. Prior to descending below transition level, latest altimeter setting will be obtained and set
iii. On descending below transition level, set altimeter to QNH and vertical position of the aircraft will be in terms of altitude iv. QNH can be set above the transition level when cleared by the ATC
Situations that require a flight diversion
terminal weather below minimum, aerodrome closure, passenger or crew requires immediate medical attention but medically qualified passenger is not available, abnormal/emergency situations that require immediate landing, any situation that adversely affect the safety of flight if the flight is continued.
Fly-by Waypoints
used when aircraft should begin a turn to the next course prior to reaching the waypoint separating the two route segments.
Fly-over Waypoints
are used when the aircraft must fly over the point prior to starting a turn.
How is vertical position expressed when ascending or descending through the Transition Layer?
Vertical position is expressed in terms of Flight Levels when ascending and altitudes when descending
What are the diversion policies for a 2-engine or 3 and 4-engine aircraft?
2 - engine: land the aircraft at the nearest suitable airport at which a safe landing can be made.
3/4 - engine: the PIC can proceed to an airport that he selects if, after considering the nature of malfunction, performance penalties and weather condition, then he decides that proceeding to that airport is as safe as landing at the nearest suitable airport.
Use of Radio Altimeter
used in Cat II approaches; can be used to crosscheck the primary altimeter over a known terrain in the terminal area and should not be used for precision approach where the radio altimeter is not authorized.
Procedures for Pilot Incapacitation
unaffected pilot should take the controls, stabilize the aircraft and use automation; other crew should hold back the incapacitated pilot; declare emergency as necessary; remove the incapacitated pilot from his seat, request assistance from medically qualified passenger, transfer the pilot to crew rest area; cockpit rearrangement and landing and parking.
What are 3 categories of aircraft type and corresponding weights for establishing wake turbulence separation minima?
3 categories:
Heavy – 136,000kg or more
Medium – less than 136,00kg and more than 7,000kg
Light – 7,000kg or less
RNAV/RNP and it’s advantages
RNAV is intended to provide a single performance standard for aircraft manufacturers, airspace designers, pilots, controllers and international aviation authorities. This will result in flight path predictability and repeatability.
RVSM and it’s benefits
RNAV is intended to provide a single performance standard for aircraft manufacturers, airspace designers, pilots, controllers and international aviation authorities. This will result in flight path predictability and repeatability.
