Disaster Safety and Assess Hazards

Question 1

What are the ABCs of scene safety action plan?

Answer 1

Awareness of hazardous conditions
Barrier needed for protection
Communication information

Question 2

What are secondary hazards?

Answer 2

An addition to the primary event that may not be completely obvious
A risk to victims and rescuers

Question 3

What are the first things to do in a hazard situation?

Answer 3

Protect yourself

Get out, call 911, follow scene priorities, all-hazard consideration, restrict access

Question 4

What are the scene priories of protection?

Answer 4

Protect self, then team, then public, then patients, then environment

Question 5

What are the scene environment “U”s?

Answer 5

Unsafe, uncertain, unpredictable

Question 6

What are the scene caveats?

Answer 6

Don’t show up uninvited
Don’t disturb possible evidence
Don’t disrupt emergency services

Question 7

What should be done with a suspicious package?

Answer 7

ID - inappropriate/unusual labeling
Do not open, shake, examine or show it
Wash hands and call 911

Question 8

What are some considerations for a chemical incident?

Answer 8

Safe zone uphill, upwind, secondary contamination, must wear PPE, secondary threats and environment

Question 9

What are some considerations for a biological incident?

Answer 9

Delayed presentation, health care facilities become scene

Community issues, isolate ill, observe exposed, PPE

Question 10

What are some considerations for a radiological incident?

Answer 10

Hazards - contaminated victim, continued release, fallout, windborn spread, PPE

Question 11

What are some considerations for a nuclear incident?

Answer 11

Get out! Probably not terrorist

Question 12

What are some considerations for a natural disaster?

Answer 12

Scene variability, danger from secondary threats, evac and rescue

Question 13

What are some considerations for explosives?

Answer 13

Location of contamination/dispersal
Do not enter area w/ explosives, on-going threat, immediate evac
Cell phones, pagers and electronics - danger

Question 14

What are some secondary dangers?

Answer 14

Structural instability

Falling debris

Question 15

What are some critical considerations for personal protection equipment?

Answer 15

Minimize contact, protect orifices, proper training and fitting, no one type protects against everything, may create work hazards

Question 16

What should be considered when choosing a PPE?

Answer 16

Immediate Danger to Life or Health?
The agent
Release method
Confined space?
Release site proximity (Hot/Warm zone)
Job duties during the event

Question 17

Describe a level A PPE.

Answer 17

Fully encapsulated suit, provides the maximum protection, uses a self-contained breathing apparatus on the inside, fully encapsulating and includes chemical resistance boots and gloves
Need assistance to get in or out of

Question 18

Describe a level B PPE.

Answer 18

Provides high respiratory protection but has less skin protection, uses a self-contained breathing apparatus, hooded chemical resistant suit, which does include the boots and gloves

Question 19

Describe a level C PPE.

Answer 19

Powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR), hooded chemical resistant clothing, chemical resistant boots and gloves
Suitable for decontamination

Question 20

Describe a BIO-PPE.

Answer 20

Double gloves, impermeable gowns, goggles, cap, leg and shoe covers, N95 mask or better respirator, hand hygiene
Suitable for most hospital situations

Question 21

Describe a level D PPE.

Answer 21

Minimum protection, no respiratory protection, standard work uniform, standard OSHA personal protective barriers

Question 22

What is the universal respiratory etiquette strategy for healthcare faculties?

Answer 22

Give surgical masks/cough barriers, provide hygiene supplies in waiting areas, encourage coughers to be 3 ft away, construct barriers between staff and sick

Question 23

What should be used to figure out which hospital PPE to use?

Answer 23

Hot zone - casulaty collection Level A
Warm zone - triage and decontaminate Level B or C
Cold zone - treatment/transport Level D or BioPPE

Question 24

What are some types of respiratory protection?

Answer 24

Self contained breathing apparatus
Supplied air respirator
Powered air purifying respirator
Air purifying respirator

Question 25

Which PPEs are a fit test required for?

Answer 25

N95 or greater

Question 26

What is decontamination?

Answer 26

Rapid removal or deactivation of contaminants as soon as possible even with incomplete info
Reduce amount and spread of contaminants

Question 27

Who should you decontaminate?

Answer 27

Everyone who may have been contaminated by a chemical, radiological, nuclear (or biological) agent

Question 28

How do you decontaminate?

Answer 28

Dry = undress
Wet = undress +solution
Soap and water vs dilute bleach

Question 29

Describe gross decontamination.

Answer 29

Close to location, non-ambulatory, casualty collection, privacy, ambient and water temp (hypothermia)

Question 30

Describe technical decontamination

Answer 30

Close to the gross location, privacy, ambient temp and water (hypothermia), fresh clothing needed

Question 31

What should be done during post-decontamination?

Answer 31

Observe the location and monitor delayed symptoms, psychological support, specific treatment