Disaster Risk Flashcards
the possibility that something bad or unpleasant (such as an injury or a loss) will happen
Risk
a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources.
Disaster
a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage.
Hazard
it is the tendency to become incapable of resisting hazard or the inability to respond after a disaster.
Vulnerability
is the tendency of losing property, people, systems and other elements in the society due their presence within the hazard zones.
Exposure
is defined as “the potential loss of life, injury, or destroyed or damaged assets which could occur to a system, society or a community in a specific period of time, determined probabilistically as a function of hazard, exposure, and capacity”
Disaster Risk
Three important elements of disaster risk
• Exposure
• Hazard
• Vulnerability
the elements at risk from a natural or man-made hazard event
Exposure
a potentially dangerous physical occurrence, phenomenon or human activity that may result in loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption, or environmental degradation.
Hazard
the condition determined by physical, social, economic and environmental factors or processes, which increase the susceptibility of a community to the impact of hazard
Vulnerability
True or False
We can not avoid natural events from occurring, but we can concentrate on addressing the reduction of risk and exposure by determining the factors causing disasters.
True
are processes or conditions, often development-related, that influence the level of disaster risk by increasing levels of exposure and vulnerability or reducing capacity.
Risk Factors
Identify what type of risk factor is being describe in the situation/description.
Which measures those who experience disaster firsthand which has the highest risk of developing future mental problems, followed by those in contact with the victims such as rescue workers and health care practitioners and the lowest risk are those most distant like those who have awareness of the disaster only through news.
Severity of Exposure
Identify what type of risk factor is being describe in the situation/description.
the female gender suffers more adverse effects. This worsens when children are present at home. Marital relationships are placed under strain.
Gender and Family
Identify what type of risk factor is being describe in the situation/description.
Adults in the age range of 40-60 are more stressed after disasters but in general, children exhibit more stress after disasters than adults do.
Age
Identify what type of risk factor is being describe in the situation/description.
Evidence indicates that severe mental problems resulting from disasters are more prevalent in developing countries like the Philippines. Furthermore, it has been observed that natural disasters tend to have more adverse effects in developing countries than do man caused disasters in developed countries.
Economic Status of Country
Identify: FACTORS THAT UNDERLIE DISASTERS
Can increase disaster risk in a variety of ways – by altering the frequency and intensity of hazards events, affecting vulnerability to hazards, and changing exposure patterns. For most people, this expression, means the alteration of the world’s climate that we humans are causing such as burning of fossil fuels, deforestation and other practices that increase the carbon footprint and concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
Climate Change
Identify: FACTORS THAT UNDERLIE DISASTERS
Changes to the environment can influence the frequency and intensity of hazards, as well as our exposure and vulnerability to these hazards. For instance, deforestation of slopes often leads to an increase in landslide hazard and removal of mangroves can increase the damage caused by storm surges
Environmental Degradation
Identify: FACTORS THAT UNDERLIE DISASTERS
It results in an increased polarization between the rich and poor on a global scale. Provides an opportunity to build resilience if effectively managed
Globalized Economic Development
Identify: FACTORS THAT UNDERLIE DISASTERS
Impoverished people are more likely to live in hazard exposed areas and are less able to invest in risk-reducing measures. The lack of access to insurance and social protection means that people in poverty are often forced to use their already limited assets to buffer disaster losses, which drives them into further poverty
Poverty and Inequality
Identify: FACTORS THAT UNDERLIE DISASTERS
A new wave of urbanization is unfolding in hazard-exposed countries and with it, new opportunities for resilient investment emerge. People, poverty, and disaster risk are increasingly concentrated in cities. The growing rate of urbanization and the increase in population density (in cities) can lead to creation of risk, especially when urbanization is rapid, poorly planned and occurring in a context of widespread poverty. Growing concentrations of people and economic activities in many cities are seen to overlap with areas of high-risk exposure.
Poorly Planned and Managed Urban Development
Identify: FACTORS THAT UNDERLIE DISASTERS
are investment environments in which public sector actors are unable or unwilling to assume their roles and responsibilities in protecting rights, providing basic services and public services.
Weak Governance
Identify: FACTORS THAT UNDERLIE DISASTERS
The Philippines is one of the most vulnerable countries in the world to natural disasters. The country’s location makes it vulnerable to storms that cause flooding, mudslides, and typhoons.
Geographical Location
Give 2 factors that can hamper a survivor’s background and recovery
• were not functioning well before the disaster
• have no experience dealing with disasters
• must deal with other stressors after the disaster
• have low self-esteem
• feel uncared for by others
• think they exercise little control over what happens to them
• unable to manage stress
