Disaster Management and Environmental Impacts on Health Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 4 phases of the disaster management cycle?
A
- Mitigation
- Preparation
- Response
- Recovery
- These phases are interrelated and can co-occur
2
Q
Phase 1
A
- Mitigation
- Before event
- Prevent or minimize risks related to a disaster
- Identify risks and take action to prevent a disaster or reduce the effects of a disaster
3
Q
Nurse’s Role in Phase 1 (Mitigation)
A
- Perform community assessment
- Identify risks at individual and community level
- Develop plans for alternate housing
- Risk reduction activities
- Plan for evacuation
- Public policy
- Community education
4
Q
Phase 2
A
- Preparedness
- Before event
- Most critical phase
- Planning and readiness are priorities
- Activities and measures taken in advance
- Warnings, recruiting volunteers, training, equipping
5
Q
Nurse’s Role in Phase 2 (Preparedness)
A
- Policy
- Communication
- Obtaining equipment and supplies
- Training
- Sheltering
- First aid
- Emergency transport
6
Q
Phase 3
A
- Response
- After event occurs
- Immediate action in the face of a disaster
- Mobilization of responders
- Save as many lives as possible, provide for immediate needs of survivors, reduce long term impact
7
Q
Nurse’s Role in Phase 3 (Response)
A
- Provide physical and mental health care
- Triage
- Manage scarce resources
- Infection control
- Continuous monitoring
8
Q
Phase 4
A
- Recovery/Rehabilitation
- Assist community and affected population
- Restoring vital services, rebuilding infrastructure and housing
- Long-term process with short and long term goals
9
Q
Nurse’s Role in Phase 4 (Recovery/Rehab)
A
- Continued care and support
- Monitoring
- Referrals
- Assist with re-establishing infrastructure
- Evaluation that leads to changes in prevention
10
Q
Who are vulnerable populations?
A
- Children
- Limited English proficiency
- Mental disabilities
- Pregnant women
- Homeless persons
- Homebound elderly
- Physical disabilities
11
Q
What are considerations for vulnerable populations?
A
- Basic supplies
- Medications
- Medical equipment
- Assistive devices
- Pets
- Literacy/language
- Transportation for evacuation or to shelters
- Shelters/sheltering in place
12
Q
I PREPARE
A
- Investigate potential exposures
- Present work
- Residence
- Environmental concerns
- Past work
- Activities
- Referrals and resource
- Educate
13
Q
How can nurses decrease environmental influences on health?
A
- Primary prevention: reducing environmental hazards, educating residents
- Secondary prevention: monitoring for signs of hazardous blood levels
- Tertiary prevention: eliminating environmental hazards for re-exposure
14
Q
What is risk?
A
Characterizing the hazard, mode of transmission, route of exposure, dose, magnitude and probability
15
Q
What is risk communication?
A
- Key skill in community and public health nursing
- Disseminate info to create action, ensure safety, prevent harm, or reduce unnecessary fear
