Disaccharides Flashcards
What is a disaccharide?
2 monosaccharides joined together through a condensation reaction
What makes sucrose?
A glucose + fructose = sucrose
What makes lactose?
A glucose + galactose = lacotse
What makes maltose?
A glucose + A glucose = maltose
What type of bond forms in the condensation reaction?
1-4 glycosidic bond
What happens in the condensation reaction?
C1 binds with C4 of another sugar
OH groups combien to make O and produces H2O
What is a sugar?
Monosaccharides and disaccharides togeher
Where is lactose found?
Mill
Where is sucrose found?
Sugar cane/ sugar very
Where is maltose found?
Barely
What test is used for starch?
Benedicts
Iodine solution
How does the iodine solution test work?
Iodine solution gets stuck in starch helix so becones blue/black
What happens when heat is used in the iodine solution test for starch?
Hydrogen bonds in starch helix break. Iodine comes out and turns red/Brown.
Once cooled starch can reform hekix and turn blue/black again if not permanently denatured
What makes starch?
Amylose
Amylopectin
What is structure on Amylose?
Not branched
Helix
1-4 glycosidic bonds
Alpha glucose
What is the role of Amylose?
Break down starch into simple suagrs.
Energy store in plants
What is the structure of Amylopectin?
Branched
Not helix
1-4 glycosidic bonds
Alpha glucose
What is the role of Amylopectin?
Enegy store in plants
What are the advantages of starchs structure?
Hekix
Compact
Hydrogen bonds
Intramolecular
What is the structure of glycogen?
Alpha glucose
Branched
slightly coiled
What is the role of glycogen?
Energy store in animals- muscles and liver
What is the structure of cellulose?
Straight chain of beta glucose
Each molecule flipped 180° to make a chain
What is the role of cellulose?
Structural- Plant cell walls
Makes microfibrial
What is the overall use of carbohydrates?
Providing energy for muscles
Fuel for CNS
