Disability rights are human rights Flashcards
What is dyscalculla?
Affects a persons ability to understand number-based information.
What is dysgraphia?
A condition in which someone has difficulty with writing
What is dyspraxia?
Disorder that affects coordination and movements.
Which government generated statement should a vendor complete that provides information on how a product or service complies with Section 508 standards?
A. Impact Accessibility for Validation (IAV)
B. Product Development Accessibility Template (PDAT)
C. Product Social Impact Assessment (PSIA)
D. Voluntary Product Assessment Template (VPAT)
D. Voluntary Product Assessment Template (VPAT)
An individual is developing an upper extremity medical problem that is currently increasing pain and reducing movement in the elbows, while expected to eventually spread into the wrists and hands. Which group of accommodations should be recommended?
A. Adjustable keyboard/mouse tray, ergonomic keyboard, and adjustable monitor
B. Screen reader software, keyboard shortcuts, and adjustable keyboard/mouse tray
C. Voice recognition software, ergonomic mouse, and adjustable keyboard/mouse tray
D. Voice recognition software, screen reader software, and ergonomic mouse
Svar: C. Voice recognition software, ergonomic mouse, and adjustable keyboard/mouse tray
Which is the BEST example of an individualized accommodation or adjustment for a student?
A. Extra time on a test
B. Projected lessons on a large screen
C. Spell-checker for tests
D. Study groups
Svar: A. Extra time on a test
Which statement BEST describes a way the U.N. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) is being used to open opportunities for people with disabilities in information technology?
A. The CRPD defers to the W3C for policy guidance on website accessibility and how to best promote its adoption.
B. The CRPD relies on partnerships between the private and public sector to encourage better accessibility standards.
C. The CRPD requires member states to enact tough laws that adopt WCAG 2.0.
D. The CRPD urges member states to take appropriate measures to ensure people with disabilities are not excluded.
Svar: D. The CRPD urges member states to take appropriate measures to ensure people with disabilities are not excluded.
Using directional signs in an airport that accommodate a wide range of literacy and language skills is an example of which principle of Universal Design 2.0?
A. Principle Five: Tolerance for Error
B. Principle Six: Low Physical Effort
C. Principle Three: Simple and Intuitive Use
D. Principle Two: Flexibility of Use
Svar: C. Principle Three: Simple and Intuitive Use
Increases in which category of health conditions account for the largest percentage of disabilities in all parts of the world?
A. Infectious diseases
B. Mental health conditions
C. Non-communicable chronic diseases
D. Traumatic injuries
Svar: B. Mental health conditions
Persons with a disability are MOST LIKELY to experience what major factor that could lead to poverty?
A. Fewer skills
B. Lower employment rates
C. Lower marriage prospects
D. Lower participation in social activities
Svar: B. Lower employment rates
Which technique is MOST beneficial to blind and partially-sighted consumers of web and broadcast video content?
A. Audio description
B. Captioning
C. Sign language interpretation
D. Transcripts
Svar: A. Audio description
An employee who is blind and has been successfully performing computer-based work (i.e., word processing and email correspondence) for several years, has recently developed carpal tunnel syndrome. What would be the MOST appropriate solution for maintaining optimal job performance?
A. Adding voice-recognition software
B. Eliminating keyboard entry tasks from the job duties
C. Introducing screen-reader software
D. Reassignment to a different role
Svar: A. Adding voice-recognition software
An example that supports the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 principle of Robust on a mobile device is by providing:
A. a virtual keyboard.
B. captions and transcripts.
C. color contrast options.
D. limited content.
Svar: A. a virtual keyboard.
According to the Principles of Universal Design Version 2.0, which is an example of principle three: Simple and Intuitive to Use?
A. Arrange elements to minimize errors.
B. Be consistent with user interface elements.
C. Provide warnings of hazards and errors.
D. Minimize repetitive actions.
Svar: B. Be consistent with user interface elements.
A read-aloud function which highlights text as it is read, a clear, well-structured, simplified navigation system, diagrams that illustrate the point of the content, and icons to visually reinforce structure are particularly helpful for persons:
A. who are non-verbal.
B. who are non-visual.
C. with cognitive disabilities.
D. with communication disabilities.
Svar: C. with cognitive disabilities.
According to the Principles of Universal Design Version 2.0, an example of principle two: Flexibility in Use is
A. accommodating a wide range of literacy and language skills.
B. accommodating left- and right-handed access.
C. providing compatibility with a variety of devices used by people with sensory limitations.
D. using different modes (pictorial, verbal, tactile) for redundant presentation of essential information.
Svar: D. using different modes (pictorial, verbal, tactile) for redundant presentation of essential information.
Which example fully demonstrates Principles of Universal Design Version 2.0?
A. Design policies that are geared specifically to persons with different disabilities.
B. Make available segregated seating area for persons with disabilities.
C. Provide identical means of use for all users where possible, equivalent when not.
D. Provide a series of alternate options for different types of users.
Svar: C. Provide identical means of use for all users where possible, equivalent when not.
Images and icons that can explain content, navigational elements that are clear and large enough to touch, integrated speech output, and total keyboard accessibility that can be translated to switch access are ALL design practices that can facilitate the use of which type of assistive devices?
A. Augmentative and alternative communication devices
B. Listening devices
C. Magnification devices
D. Screen readers
Svar: A. Augmentative and alternative communication devices
What are standard communication methods for a person who is Deafblind?
A. Navigation aids, tactile sign language, Braille, tactile marking/sign
B. Simplified environmental design, visual and audio alternatives to text
C. Standard/consistent physical positioning and visual presentation, visual filters
D. Visual labels/notifications/alerts, assistive listening devices, voice carryover
Svar: A
In the Principles of Universal Design Version 2.0, which definition defines principle one: Equitable Use?
A. design accommodates a wide range of individual preferences.
B. design communicates necessary information effectively to the user regardless of sensory abilities.
C. design is useful and marketable to people with diverse abilities.
D. of the design is easy to understand, regardless of the user’s experience.
Svar: C. design is useful and marketable to people with diverse abilities.
Eye tracking technology is MOST HELPFUL to persons with
A. Cognitive disabilities.
B. Deafblindness.
C. Mobility disabilities.
D. Seizures.
Svar: C. Mobility disabilities.
Which is the name of a principle from the Principles of Universal Design Version 2.0?
A. Keyboard Accessible
B. Perceivable
C. Perceptible Information
D. Timing Adjustable
Svar: C. Perceptible Information
Which principle in the Principles of Universal Design Version 2.0 considers a wide spectrum of a user’s abilities in addition to personal preference?
A. Flexibility in Use
B. Low Physical Effort
C. Simple and Intuitive Use
D. Tolerance for Error
Svar: A. Flexibility in Use
When adequate clearance is provided, which is the MOST commonly built practice incorporated in the design of a kiosk (e.g., ATM/Cash Machine) that benefits wheelchair users?
A. A frontal approach
B. A sideways approach
C. An adjustable height
D. An elevated approach
Svar: A. A frontal approach
A Web site designed for optimal use considers what factor that is NOT directly related to disability?
A. Age-related disease
B. Color blindness
C. Dyslexia
D. Lack of computer skills
Svar: D. Lack of computer skills
Which is the BEST example of the Principles of Universal Design Version 2.0 principle six: Low Physical Effort?
A. Automatic soap dispensers
B. Lamp with round switch
C. Round door handles
D. Stationary escalator steps
Svar: A. Automatic soap dispensers
Which is an example of the Principles of Universal Design Version 2.0, principle seven: Size and Space for Approach and Use?
A. A standard revolving turnstyle
B. Clear area around an automatic cash machine/dispenser (ATM)
C. Level floor seating for a presentation
D. Tables fixed to the floor
Svar: B. Clear area around an automatic cash machine/dispenser (ATM)
The broad-spectrum ideas meant to produce buildings, products, and environments that are inherently accessible to older people, people without disabilities, and people with disabilities is known as
A. Accessible Design.
B. Functional Design.
C. Universal Design.
D. Usable Design.
Svar: C. Universal Design.
Which action BEST sustains an organizational culture shift toward accessibility?
A. Delivering internal sensitivity training
B. Injecting accessibility into a one-time project
C. Introducing changes to business processes
D. Requiring outside training for employees
Svar: C. Introducing changes to business processes
Which example BEST illustrates how accessibility solutions can be incorporated into user experience design?
A. Adding accessibility to a web site when a user asks for accommodation or adjustment
B. Attaching an accessibility statement to a web site
C. Designing a web site for people who use assistive technology
D. Redirecting the user to another accessible site
Svar: C. Designing a web site for people who use assistive technology
The types of European ICT accessibility legislation which are applicable within the entire EU are
A. discrimination and accessibility acts.
B. discrimination and web accessibility directives.
C. procurement and accessibility acts.
D. procurement and web accessibility directives.
Svar: D. procurement and web accessibility directives.
Products that are designed with the specific intent of standardization, ease of access, efficiency, and satisfaction are based on the principles of
A. accessible design
B. innovative design
C. functional design
D. usability design
Svar: D. usability design
A. Governments are the largest purchaser of ICT, which moves industry to build accessible ICT.
B. Industry must conform to government laws.
C. Industry trends are leading indicators of government practices, which lowers costs.
D. Regional disability lobbyists can apply pressure to government procurement.
Svar: A. Governments are the largest purchaser of ICT, which moves industry to build accessible ICT.
What is a primary goal of the World Health Organization for collecting population data on people with disabilities?
A. Enhance national taxation policies
B. Identify strategies to improve the well-being of people with disabilities
C. Develop new immigration policies
D. Enhance national population statistics reporting
Svar: B. Identify strategies to improve the well-being of people with disabilities
According to the World Health Organization 2011 World Report on Disability, what percentage of the world’s population are estimated to live with some form of disability?
A. 5%
B. 15%
C. 30%
D. 38%
Svar: B. 15%
As the average lifespan increases worldwide, so does the number of older, disabled persons. This impacts society MOST SIGNIFICANTLY in
A. healthcare costs.
B. low-cost housing.
C. population growth.
D. voter turnout.
Svar: A. healthcare costs.
The identification of systemic barriers, negative attitudes, and exclusion by people as the main contributory factor in disabling people is known as
A. the Charity Model.
B. the Economic Model.
C. the Legal Model.
D. the Social Model.
Svar: D. the Social Model.
A new employee who is blind asks where there is a bathroom. Which initial response is MOST APPROPRIATE to the employee?
A. Tell them to follow the signs.
B. Offer your arm to assist them.
C. Grab the person and lead them.
D. Put your hand on their cane and help guide them.
Svar: B. Offer your arm to assist them.
According to the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), which outcome is a result of involving users with disabilities early in web development projects?
A. Identifying color combinations that are most appealing to users
B. Identifying the best assistive technologies to use
C. Understanding how stakeholders can influence users
D. Understanding unforeseen accessibility issues
Svar: D. Understanding unforeseen accessibility issues
Which model defines disability by a person’s inability to participate in work and the financial consequences for the individual, employer, and the state?
A. Charity Model
B. Economic Model
C. Employment Model
D. Social Model
Svar: B. Economic Model
Voice recognition software is MOST LIKELY to be used as an input device by a person with which type of disability?
A. Hard of Hearing
B. Mobility
C. Psychological
D. Speech
Svar: B. Mobility
How is Deaf with an uppercase “D” different than deaf with a lowercase “d”?
A. It is a more polite way to refer to someone with profound hearing loss.
B. It is considered a culture rather than an impairment.
C. The hearing loss is due to injury or illness rather than congenital.
D. The level of hearing loss is clinically considered more severe.
Svar: B. It is considered a culture rather than an impairment.
Which is a systemic benefit of sharing accessibility successes within an organization?
A. Ensuring management budgets for additional resources
B. Ensuring practical knowledge can be used for the next project
C. Leveraging the successes in annual performance reviews
D. Publicizing accessibility in public relations campaigns and activities
Svar: B. Ensuring practical knowledge can be used for the next project
What management strategy removes barriers that prevent inclusive information sharing in an organization?
A. Communication management
B. Quality management
C. Risk management
D. Stakeholder management
Svar: A. Communication management
A large organization is developing a single intake process for new hires with disabilities. Which plan is BEST suited to implement the process?
A. Cost management plan
B. Facilities management plan
C. Integration management plan
D. management plan
Svar: C. Integration management plan
When making accessibility accommodations or adjustments for a person using a wheelchair within a workstation, what component of his/her wheelchair use is recommended to be addressed first?
A. Bathroom access
B. Comfort
C. Posture and stability
D. Telephone and headphone access
Svar: C. Posture and stability
What are the testable statements of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0?
A. Principles
B. Guidelines
C. Success Criteria
D. Techniques
Svar: C. Success Criteria
Which type of assistance would specifically help a person with a psychological disability?
A. Ergonomic chair
B. Screen magnification software
C. Screen reader
D. Service animal
Svar: D. Service animal
What aspect of learning is addressed when an instructor utilizes multiple means of action and expression in the learning experience?
A. The “how” of learning
B. The “what” of learning
C. The “when” of learning
D. The “why” of teaming
Svar: A. The “how” of learning
Which is the biggest business benefit of designing an accessible website?
A. Data integrity
B. Information security
C. Search engine optimization
D. Web site availability
Using simplified text that is supplemented by images, graphs, and other illustrations is a good strategy when targeting content for users with which type of disability?
A. Psychological
B. Cognitive
C. Mobility
D. Visual
Svar: B. Cognitive
When making accessible pre-recorded video content with audio for people with hearing impairments, the video needs to include
A. audio description.
B. captions and transcript.
C. high contrast mode.
D. keyboard accessible controls.
Svar: B. captions and transcript.
Visual alerts (e.g., flashing lights in railway stations) and notifications (e.g., text message alerts in airports) are MOST HELPFUL to people with which condition?
A. Autism
B. Deafness
C. Epilepsy
D. Low Vision
Svar: B. Deafness
Which set of assistive technologies and adaptive strategies is BEST suited for a person with hearing/auditory disabilities?
A. Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) devices, highlighting, simplified content
B. Haptic alerts, captions, transcripts
C. Screen magnifiers, color and contrast controls, magnified pointers and cursors
D. Screen reader, Braille keyboard, speech input
Svar: B. Haptic alerts, captions, transcripts
Which usability practice could result in poor accessibility?
A. Captioning
B. Color coding
C. Contextual links
D. Plain language content
Svar: B. Color coding
While this model may inspire people to donate time or resources to assist those with disabilities, it can often be condescending to those individuals by portraying them as objects of pity.
Svar: Charity model
Which model is illustrated by a person who is Deaf (capital D) viewing themselves as gaining from deafness rather than being impaired by it?
Svar: Social identity or cultural affiliation model.
Which model focuses on the ability of the individual to participate in work?
Svar: Economic model
This model provides a comprehensive perspective that recognizes the complex interplay of biology, psychology, and social and environmental factors.
Svar: Biopsychosocial model
The biopsychosocial model takes into account the whole person in the social context, and focuses on environmental factors - physical, social and attitudinal - in which people with disabilities live.
True or False
Assistive technologies such as screen readers and voice dictation are most closely aligned with the functional solutions model.
Which are examples of the strengths of the medical model? (Select two.)
A. Addresses the biological sources of disabilities
B. Improves the lives of people with disabilities through societal change
C. Accepts the person’s disability completely, and uses it as a point of pride
D. Provides clinical cures or medical management of disabilities
Svar: A and D are correct. The medical model addresses the biological source of disability.
Which model recognizes that it is the collective responsibility of society to make the environmental changes needed for the full participation of people with disabilities?
Svar: Social model
The social model of disability views the issue of disability as a socially created problem. Therefore the solution requires social action, including changing the environment so that everyone can participate.
This model views disability as a problem of the body and seeks to cure or manage the condition.
Svar: Medical model
The medical model can address the biological sources of disabilities, either by clinically curing them or providing ways to medically manage the conditions. The medical component of disabilities is a critical reality for many people.
This model acknowledges that individuals with disabilities may have limitations that prevent them from earning a living.
Social model
Economic model
Charity model
Medical model
Svar: Economic model
What model?
A woman receives a disability insurance check after giving birth while she is on maternity leave.
Svar: Economic model
What model?
The ALS Ice Bucket Challenge raised millions of dollars for scientific research leading to meaningful breakthroughs in identifying and treating the disease.
Svar: Charity model
What model?
In order for a university student to receive an accommodation for more time on tests, she first had to provide documentation of the diagnosis of her disability to the school’s disability services office.
Svar: Medical model
Not knowing which of two digits is larger, i.e. understanding the meaning of numbers, or lacking effective counting strategies, or even the inability to add simple single-digit numbers mentally are characteristics of which disability?
Svar: Dyscalculia
What Universal Design Principle?
The design is useful and marketable to people with diverse abilities. For example, a counter space or desk surface may be raised or lowered to accommodate users of varying height, or an individual who uses a wheelchair.
Svar: Equitable Use
What Universal Design Principle?
The design accommodates a wide range of individual preferences and abilities. For example, a captioned video will allow people to choose to listen or to read in order to understand content. This not only provides access to individuals with hearing impairments but also accommodates those who would rather not use sound or who comprehend better through reading.
Svar: Flexibility in Use
