Disability and Legislation Flashcards
What is an impairment?
Any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function
What is a disability?
Any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being
What is disability concerned with…
functional performance or activity, affecting the whole person
What is a handicap?
A disadvantage of a given person, resulting from an impairment or a disability that limits or prevents the fulfilment of a role that is normal for that individual
What piece of legislation protects people from discrimination in the workplace & wider society?
The Equality Act 2010
What are the protected characteristics?
- age
- disability
- gender reassignment
- marriage or civil partnership
- pregnancy & maternity
- race
- religion or belief
- sex
- sexual orientation
what is direct discrimination?
treating someone with a protected characteristic less favourably than others?
what is indirect discrimination?
Putting rules or arrangements in place that apply to everyone, but that put someone with a protected characteristic at an unfair advantage
What is harassment?
Unwanted behaviour linked to a protected characteristic that violates someone’s dignity or creates an offensive environment for them
What is victimisation?
Treating someone unfairly because they’ve complained about discrimination or harassment
when are people protected by the Equality act?
- at work
- in education
- as a consumer
- when using public services
- when buying or renting property
- as a member or guest of a private club or association
“Having physical or mental impairment that has a ‘substantial’ and ‘long-term’ negative effect on your ability to do normal daily activities”
what does substantial refer to?
Means more than minor or trivial
“Having physical or mental impairment that has a ‘substantial’ and ‘long-term’ negative effect on your ability to do normal daily activities”
what does long-term refer to?
the effect of the impairment has lasted or is likely to last for at least 12 months
“Having physical or mental impairment that has a ‘substantial’ and ‘long-term’ negative effect on your ability to do normal daily activities”
what does normal day to day activities refer to?
- getting out of bed
- washing
- eating
- walking
- going shopping
ETC.
Why does disability exert an indirect effect on oral health?
- polypharmacy may experience dry mouth (increased caries risk)
- physical impairment may alter patients ability to brush teeth/attend dentist regularly
What 5 barriers need to be overcome by organisations to allow ALL people to access care?
- accessibility
- accommodation
- affordability
- acceptability
- availability
What are examples of upstream actions that may improve a patient with disability’s life?
- policies aimed at social inclusion and better access to education and employment opportunities
- better insurance policies for this group including specific national dental insurance
- eligibility for free or subsidised dental care
What are examples of downstream actions that may improve a patient with disability’s life?
design of a regional dental care infrastructure to increase access to dental care for disabled people
What act was introduced to protect individuals who lack capacity to make decisions for themselves?
The Adults with Incapacity (Scotland) Act 2000
What is meant by an adult with incapacity?
A person is unable to make a decision by themself if, due to mental disorder or inability to communicate, they are incapable of:
- acting
- making decision
- communicating decisions
- understanding decisions
- retaining memory of decisions
