Disability Flashcards
What is disability?
- Someone who has a physical or mental impairment that results in a marked, pervasive limitation of activity.
What is an impairment?
- An abnormality or loss of function
Physical impairment examples?
Cerebral palsy, brain injury, neuromuscular disorder (Duchenne’s)
Sensory impairment examples?
- Hearing or visual impairment
Learning impairment example?
- Low IQ
Neurodevelopment disorder example?
- ADHD, autism
Emotional/behavioural disorders?
- Depression, conduct disorder
What are the different aspects of the Biopsychosocial model?
Biological: physical health, disability, genetic variabilities
Social: peers, school, family circustances
Psychological: self-esteem, coping skills, social skills
Assessment of disability?
- Not evaluated on individual disorders but on its impact on functioning, activity and participation
- Considered using the biopsychosocial model, 2 people with same impairment may experience different levels of disability depending on social circumstances and environment.
WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS):
- Generic assessment instrument for health and disability
- Used across all disease including mental, neurological, addictive disorders.
- Standardises disability levels and profiles.
- 6 domains of functioning:
1) Cognition - understanding and communicating
2) Mobility
3) Self-care - hygiene, dressing, eating, staying alone
4) Social - interacting with other people
5) Life activities - leisure, domestic responsibilities
6) Participation
Disability management?
Aim to improve quality of life - managed in multidisciplinary multi agency teams to improve life quality outcomes.
Impact of impairment varies between individuals and will change as they age - child’s support will need to be responsive to this.
