Disability Flashcards
What is the new international classification of functioning, disability and health by the WHO?
Impairment = Body and Structure Impairment
Disability = Activity Limitation
Hadicap = Participation Restriction
What is Body and Structure impairment?
Abnormalities of structure, organ or system function (organ level)
What is activity limitation?
Changes functional performance and activity by the individual (personal level)
What are participation restrictions?
Disadvantage experienced by the individual as a result of impairments and disabilities
(interaction at a social and environmental level)
What are the two approaches doctors can take to tackle disability?
Therapeutic
-Change the nature of the disability (e.g. treating osteoarthritis with anti-inflammatories)
Prosthetic
-Change the environment (e.g. taxi card, OT, rails at home etc)
What does personal reaction to disability depend on?
The nature of the disability
The information base of the individual (i.e. education, intelligence and access to information)
The personality of the individual
The coping strategies of the individual
The role of the individual (loss of role, change of role)
The mood and emotional reaction of the individual
The reaction of others around them
The support network of the individual
At what levels does disability cause disruption?
Personal
Economic
Social
What are the different causes worldwide of disability?
Congenital Injury Communicable disease Non-communicable disease Alcohol and Drugs Mental Illness Malnutrition
What are the Wilson and Jungner criteria for screening?
Knowledge of disease
Knowledge of test
Treatment for disease
Cost considerations
In terms of Wilson and Jungner criteria for screening what do we mean by knowledge of disease?
The condition should be important.
There must be a recognisable latent or early symptomatic stage.
The natural course of the condition, including development from latent to declared disease, should be adequately understood.
In terms of Wilson and Jungner criteria for screening what do we mean by knowledge or test?
Suitable test or examination.
Test acceptable to population.
Case finding should be continuous (not just a ‘once and for all’ project).
In terms of Wilson and Jungner criteria for screening what do we mean by treatment of disease?
Accepted treatment for patients with recognised disease.
Facilities for diagnosis and treatment available.
Agreed policy concerning whom to treat as patients.
In terms of Wilson and Jungner criteria for screening what do we mean by cost considerations?
Costs of case finding (including diagnosis and treatment of patients diagnosed) economically balanced in relation to possible expenditures on medical care as a whole.
