Disability

Question 1

How is a disability defined as an umbrella term?

Answer 1

‘Disabilities’ is an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions.

Question 2

Define ‘impairment’.

Answer 2

A disruption in body function or structure.

Question 3

Define ‘activity limitation’.

Answer 3

A difficulty encountered by an individual in executing a task or action.

Question 4

Define ‘participation restriction’.

Answer 4

A challenge experienced by an individual in involvement in life situations.

Question 5

Is there a global way to measure disability?

Answer 5

No

Question 6

List the two main disability tools used for data.

Answer 6

• WHO Model Disability Survey
• Washington Group Questions (2001)

Question 7

What is the use of Washington Group Questions (WGQ)?

Answer 7

Primarily intended for use in a census as it gives prevalence.

Question 8

What is the use of the Model Disability Survey (MDS)?

Answer 8

A stand alone tool to examine issues around disability.

Question 9

Why was the idea of the WGQ to ask questions about difficulties of disabilities and not ask directly about the existence of a disability?

Answer 9

• Introduces false negatives and positives
• Can lead to underestimation of disabilites

Question 10

What is the importance of WGQ and MDS?

Answer 10

• Allows insights into how people with disabilities are faring in comparison with their non-disabled peers
• MDS gives in-depth understanding of status of people with disabilities but also enables comparison with people with disabilities in other countries, within and beyond the region.
• Significantly raised the bar on accurate statistics on disabled populations

Question 11

Define ‘disabilism’.

Answer 11

A form of social oppression involving the social social imposition of restrictions of activity on people with impairments and the socially engendered undermining
of the psycho emotional well being.