Direct Realism

Question 1

What does Russell believe about what we perceive?

Answer 1

What we perceive isn’t the same as what exists out there

Question 2

What example did Russell use to counter direct realism and how?

Answer 2

A shiny brown table doesn’t look the same colour all over

Question 3

What is there a distinction between when looking at a brown table?

Answer 3

An appearance/reality distinction

Question 4

What did Russell conclude from the brown table example?

Answer 4

What we perceive immediately is not the physical objects and its properties

Question 5

Give an example of how our perception varies

Answer 5

Desk remains rectangular, even the way it looks to me changes when viewed from different angles

Question 6

What are the properties a physical object have not identical to?

Answer 6

The properties the physical object appears to have

Question 7

So what we are immediately aware of in perception is not the same as?

Answer 7

What exists independently of our minds

Question 8

What is sense-data?

Answer 8

The content of my sensation appearances

Question 9

What are sense-data distinct from?

Answer 9

Physical objects

Question 10

What is sense-data’s objection to direct realism?

Answer 10

We directly perceive sense-data not physical objects.

Question 11

When we see the actual colour of the table what else do we see?

Answer 11

The table and its properties

Question 12

How can we see the actual colour of the table?

Answer 12

Under normal conditions and by a normal observer.

Question 13

How does the table stay the same shape?

Answer 13

It is rectangular, even if it doesn’t always look rectangualr

Question 14

How is looking obtuse a relational property ?

Answer 14

A rectangular desk can have this in relation to being perceived.

Question 15

What don’t we need to think of to explain what we perceive?

Answer 15

Sense-data.

Question 16

What is a relation property?

Answer 16

A property that an object has in relation to being perceived.

Question 17

In an illusion what does a physical object not have

Answer 17

Property F

Question 18

What does have the property F in an illusion?

Answer 18

Something mental, a sense-datum

Question 19

In an illusion what do we perceive immediately?

Answer 19

Sense-data, before physical objects

Question 20

What can illusion be subjectively indistinguishable from?

Answer 20

Veridical perception

Question 21

So in all cases what do we see?

Answer 21

Sense data and not physical objects immediately

Question 22

The pencil is not crooked, what does it have the property of?

Answer 22

Looking crooked

Question 23

We experience the properties physical objects have that don’y relate to what?

Answer 23

How they are perceived

Question 24

What do we perceive in a hallucination?

Answer 24

Something having property F

Question 25

What don't we perceive at all?

Answer 25

Physical objects.

Question 26

So what do we actually perceive?

Answer 26

Sense-data

Question 27

What do we see sense-data in?

Answer 27

Hallucinations and veridical perception

Question 28

So what do we see immediately?

Answer 28

Sense-data

Question 29

What is the disjunctive theory of perception?

Answer 29

Something looks a certain way, then 2 different things is going on

Question 30

What are the 2 options?

Answer 30

I directly perceive a mind independent physical object FIt appears as if there is something that is F, but there is nothing that is F

Question 31

What are 2 different kinds of mental state?

Answer 31

Hallucination and veridical perception

Question 32

What do we rather do in an illusion rather than perceive it?

Answer 32

Imagine it

Question 33

How do light waves reach us?

Answer 33

Through time

Question 34

So what can we perceive?

Answer 34

Something after is ceases to exist

Question 35

What aren't we perceiving directly?

Answer 35

Physical objects.

Question 36

What should we really say?

Answer 36

We perceive physical objects indirectly and the physical medium directly.

Question 37

What is there a confusion between?

Answer 37

What we perceive and how we perceive.

Question 38

What does the time-lag argument show?

Answer 38

We perceive the past.

Question 39

What does our perceptual experience present?

Answer 39

What we perceive as mind-independent objects

Question 40

What doesn't this prove, but makes a claim highly intuitive?

Answer 40

We perceive mind-independent objects

Question 41

What holds onto this basic intuition?

Answer 41

Direct Realism.