Direct effect

Question 1

Hypodermic syringe model - Packard

Answer 1

The audience passively accepts the messages ‘injected’ into them by the mass media, packages work was primarily directed at the impact of advertising but others have applied it more broadly, audience do not engage with the media material but simply accept it

Question 2

Newson

Answer 2

Argued that children’s exposure to media, violence has desensitising effect - less aware of the consequence/impact to something
more likely to commit acts of violence in reality, if they have been exposed to violence in the media
media example: murder of James Bolger, grand theft auto crime sprees and natural, born killers

Question 3

Bandura

Answer 3

Three groups of children are showed real, film and cartoon examples of a Bobo doll, being beaten with the mallet. The children who have had seen the violent examples imitated the violence by beating the doll themselves. The children who had seen no violence did not beat the doll.

Question 4

Bandura

Answer 4

Three groups of children are showed real, film and cartoon examples of a Bobo doll, being beaten with the mallet. The children who have had seen the violent examples imitated the violence by beating the doll themselves. The children who had seen no violence did not beat the doll.

Question 5

Anderson et al

Answer 5

Direct effect of music on an audience, defective violence, song, lyrics on the attitude and emotions of 500 college students, listen to songs with violence, nonviolent, and humorous lyrics. Research indicated a clear pattern of increased aggressive thoughts, and feelings of hosted following on from listening to violence song lyrics.