Diploma Part B Flashcards
Acronyms
Words that are formed from the first letters or parts of the words in a group.
Alliteration
Use of the same consonant at the beginning of each stressed syllable in a line of verse.
Allusion
A universal reference that everybody recognizes.
Association
Relates new learning to something you already know.
Audience
The readership for printed matter (also known as the reader), as for a book or the people assembled to watch a play or movie, etc.
Chance
An event happening by unexplainable reasons, luck, a risk, or the likelihood of something happening.
Character
A person in a play, story, novel, etc.
Cosmic Irony
This type of irony can be attributed to some sort of misfortune. Usually cosmic irony is the end result of fate or chance.
Destiny
Your future or the pre-ordained path of your life; fate.
Dramatic Irony
Irony that occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play.
Euphemism
The substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant.
Exaggeration
A thought, statement, or written idea that is portrayed as greater than it actually is; magnification beyond the fact; overstatement.
Fate
The power or agency supposed to determine the outcome of events before they occur; destiny.
First Person Point of View
The narrators explicitly refer to themselves using words and phrases involving “I” (referred to as the first-person singular) and/or “we” (the first-person plural).
Hyperbole
The use of exaggeration as a rhetorical device or figure of speech. It may be used to evoke strong feelings or to create a strong impression, but is not meant to be taken literally.
Initialisms
Abbreviations that are formed from the first letters or parts of the words in a group. Unlike acronyms, initialisms cannot be pronounced as a word themselves.
Irony
Best defined as that middle ground between what is said and what is meant, or others’ understanding of what was said and what was meant. It can sometimes be a bit confusing, yet at the same time it can also be amusing.
Juxtaposition
The act or placement of two things (usually abstract concepts) near each other.
Literal
A translation that strictly follows the exact words. Literal language says what it means directly without any euphemisms or figurative language.
Luck
The good or bad things that happen by chance.
Metaphor
A metaphor is the comparison of two things but doesn’t use the word “like” or “as” in the sentence, phrase or clause.
Mnemonic
These devices are sentences or phrases that you create to remember a list or group of items.
Onomatopoeia
The naming of a thing or action by a vocal imitation of the sound associated with it.
Oxymoron
A figure of speech that combines contradictory terms.
Paradox
An argument that produces an inconsistency, typically within logic or common sense.
Parallelism
Using elements in sentences that are grammatically similar or identical in structure, sound, meaning, or meter. This technique adds symmetry, effectiveness and balance to the written piece. Also known as parallel structure.
Point of View
A way in which a person looks at the world or the angle from which a specific situation should be viewed.
Prophecy
A vision or a prediction for the future.
Sarcasm
A popular form of irony where the user intends to wittily attack or make a derogatory statement about something or someone. Often, sarcasm is confused with irony instead of being a recognized form of irony.
Pun
A form of word play that suggests two or more meanings, by exploiting multiple meanings of words, or of similar-sounding words, for an intended humorous or rhetorical
Rhetoric
The art or study of using language effectively and persuasively.
Second Person Point of View
The protagonist or another main character is referred to by employment of second-person personal pronouns and other kinds of addressing forms, for example the English second-person pronoun “you”or “your”.
Satire
Used in many works of literature to show foolishness or vice in humans, organizations, or even governments - it uses sarcasm, ridicule, or irony.
Situational Irony
This type of irony may occur when the outcome of a certain situation is completely different than what was initially expected. It is often referred to as an “irony of events.”
