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DIGITAL COMMS > DIGITAL T-CARRIERS AND MULTIPLEXING > Flashcards

DIGITAL T-CARRIERS AND MULTIPLEXING Flashcards

REVIEWER

1
Q

The transmission of information (of any form) from one or more source to one or more destination over the same transmission medium

A

Multiplexing

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2
Q

What are the different Domains to accomplish Multiplexing?

A

Space Division Multiplexing, Time Division Multiplexing, Frequency Division Multiplexing, Wavelength Division Multiplexing

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3
Q

Domain of multiplexing where transmission from multiple sources occur on the same facility but NOT at the same time.

A

Time Division Multiplexing

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4
Q

Unsophisticated form or multiplexing that simply constitutes propagating signals from different sources on different cables that are contained on the same trench (transmission medium).

A

Space Division Multiplexing

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5
Q

Most prevalent encoding technique used for TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) digital signals.

A

Pulse Code Modulation (PCM)

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6
Q

Line speed of DS-0 (Digital Signal Level 0) channels?

A

64kbps

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7
Q

What is the Input Signal range and Sampling Rate of DS-0 channels?

A

Input Signal Range: 0-4kHz, Sampling Rate: 8kHz

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8
Q

How many bits per sample is in a TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) Frame?

A

8 bits per sample

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9
Q

Time it takes to transmit one TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) Frame. Equal to the time interval when sampling, therefore it is the reciprocal of the Sampling Rate.

A

Frame Time, 1/8000 seconds, 125 microseconds

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10
Q

In TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) the datastream is divided into _____ aka _____.

A

Time Slot, Epoch

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11
Q

In TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) what is the general formula for a channel’s data transmission rate?

A

Sampling Rate (Samples per Second) x TDM Frame (Bits per Sample)

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12
Q

in TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) what is the general formula for the line speed?

A

Number of Channels x Data Transmission Rate per Channel

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13
Q

Formula for Bit Rate?

A

Number of Channels x Input Bit Rate

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14
Q

Formula for Frame Rate?

A

Input Bit Rate (Convert to Bits) x Time Slot Bits

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15
Q

A communication system that uses digital pulses rather than analog signals to encode information.

A

Digital Carrier System

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16
Q

How many Voice Band Channels can a T1-Digital Carrier System TDM multiplex?

A

24 Voice Bands Channels

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17
Q

Bandwidth or Frequency range of Voice Bands or Audio Signals?

A

300Hz - 3kHz

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18
Q

Within a T1-Carrier System, _____ performs sampling, encoding and multiplexing of 24 voice band channels.

A

Channel Banks

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19
Q

Line Speed of T1-Digital Carrier System Time Division Multiplexing with the synchronization bit?

A

1.544Mbps
24 channels, 8bps/channel
192 bits per frame, +1 (sb)
193 bits per frame x 8000 samples per second

20
Q

What does the “D-type” in D-type Channel Banks stands for?

A

Digital or Data Transmission

21
Q

What type of encoding technique does D-type Channel Banks use?

A

Sign-Magnitude Code

22
Q

How many frames in a superframe?

A

12 Frames

23
Q

How many time slots per frame in a T1 Carrier System?

A

24 time slots for 24 channels

24
Q

How many time slots per frame in a E1 Carrier System?

A

30 time slots for 30 channels

25
Q

How many bits are encoded per time slots?

A

8 bits

26
Q

A communication format where the frames are grouped together to increase synchronization, error detection and control.

A

Superframe TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) Format

27
Q

In Superframe TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) Format, what are substituted in frames 6 and 12?

A

Signaling Bits

28
Q

A _____ bit is substituted to frames 6 and 12 of Superframe TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) Format, what is substituted in frame 6? What is frame 6 called?

A

Signaling, Most Significant Bit (MSB), A-channel Signaling Bit

29
Q

A _____ bit is substituted to frames 6 and 12 of Superframe TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) Format, what is substituted in frame 12? What is frame 12 called?

A

Signaling, Least Significant Bit (LSB), B-channel Signaling Bit

30
Q

In Superframe TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) Format, what do you call frames 1-6?

A

A-highway

31
Q

In Superframe TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) Format, what do you call frames 7-12?

A

B-highway

32
Q

How many bits per frame?

A

193 bits

33
Q

What do you call the extra bit per frame? Where is it placed?

A

Frame bit, at the beginning of the frame

34
Q

How many frames in an Extended Superframe Format?

A

24 Frames

35
Q

How many frames in the Extended Superframe Format is used as Synchronization Bit? What are the frame numbers?

A

6 Frames, Frame No: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24

36
Q

How many frames are used for Error Detection Code? What are the frame numbers?

A

6 Frames, Frame No: 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21

37
Q

What do you call the Error Detection Code?

A

CRC-6 (Cyclic Redundancy Checking)

38
Q

In Extended Superframe Format, how many bits is reserved for Management Channel?

A

12 bits

39
Q

In Extended Superframe Format, what do you call the Management Channel?

A

Facilities Data Link (FDL)

40
Q

What are the frame numbers used for Management Channel?

A

2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 14, 15, 18, 19, 22, 23

41
Q

The Extended Superframe Format supports a four-bit signaling word, where is it placed when encoded, and what frames?

A

Placed on second Least Significant Bit and on every 6th frame (6, 12, 18, 24).

42
Q

Type of Communication Service that allows consumers to share a T-Carrier Line.

A

Fractional T-Carrier Service

43
Q

In a T1/2 Carrier Service, How many channels are available and what is the line speed?

A

12 channels, 1.544Mbps/2 = 0.772Mbps

44
Q

Central location where digital signals are routed to perform routine maintenance and troubleshooting.

A

Digital Cross-Connect (PPT) or Digital Signal Cross-Connect (Historical naming Convention) or DSX

45
Q

Device that allows audio and video communications between users.

A

Picturephone Terminal

46
Q

Device used to send, receive and process digital data.

A

Data Terminal

47
Q
A

DIGITAL COMMS (3 decks)

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