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Digital detectors > Digital imaging review > Flashcards

Digital imaging review Flashcards

1
Q

When talking about the imaging plate we think of mA as____ and kVp as ___

A

Data and penetration

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2
Q

what is a bit?

A

single digit-smallest

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3
Q

What is a byte?

A

group of 8 digits

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4
Q

What is bit depth?

A

the number of bits used for gray scale –dynamic range

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5
Q

The human eye can approximately see how many shades of gray?

A

32

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6
Q

What is voxel?

A

individual pixel w/ associated volume of tissue based on slice thickness

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7
Q

What is spatial resolution?

A

Detail of image and how it’s displayed/ Display monitor and receptor

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8
Q

What is nyquist frequency?

A

The frequency determines the level of spatial resolution for an image receptor

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9
Q

DELS collect the _____that represent individual components of a digital image?

A

electrons

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10
Q

A charge-coupled device needs a ____ to produce light photons.

A

scintillator

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11
Q

What is the primary cause of rejected images ?

A

Positioning errors

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12
Q

What removes unwanted data by mathematical equations?

A

filtering

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13
Q

What is DICOM?

A

digital imaging communication

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14
Q

What does PAC stand for ?

A

Picture archiving and communications system

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15
Q

What is DSA?

A

digital subtraction angiography, uses digitally recorded x-ray images to subtract images of vessels

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16
Q

What are the two type of flat-panel image receptors

A

scintillator and non-scintillator

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17
Q

A charged couple device or CCD does what?

A

Converts x-ray beam to light mostly used with flouroscopy

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18
Q

What does a non-scintillator do?

A

it’s a think film transistor

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19
Q

What does a scintillator do?

A

converts to light

20
Q

The extraction of PSP is either with

A

flying spot or a line scan

21
Q

A flying spot is___

A

cassette based

22
Q

A line scan is ____

A

cassette-less

23
Q

An analog digital converter is used for _____ and ____

A

A flying spot and a line scan

24
Q

The steps of extraction are on a cassette

A
  1. ENERGY in phosphor
  2. info EXTRACTED
  3. info SENT to cpu.
  4. Cassette becomes ERASED
25
Q

DEL size determines spatial resolution for a

A

flat panel device

26
Q

Algorythms , histrograms and look-up tables do what?

A

Software in the computer that help determine (grayscale) WL, WW , it’s what processing needs

27
Q

What does post processing do?

A

Limits radiologist ability to read x-ray

28
Q

What controls WL and WW

A

algorithyms, histograms and look-up tables

29
Q

What are algorithyms?

A

mathematical formulas require for image resolution

30
Q

What are histograms?

A

graph of the number of pixels in an image , can change an alter brightness / contrast

31
Q

What are look-up tables?

A

Determines the number ASSIGNED to input pixels

32
Q

What is quantization?

A

more sampling , how much information

33
Q

What is image orientation?

A

Image displayed exactly as read

34
Q

Each vendor provides a set of numbers known as _____ that confirm that a correct exposure is used in producing a digital image

A

exposure indicators

35
Q

Intensifying screens convert the x-ray beam into____

A

light

36
Q

T or F When an intensifying screens crystal gives off more light, less radiation is required to make image

A

true

37
Q

Random access memory RAM can be___

A

erased, you can change in the computer

38
Q

Read only memory ROM ___

A

can’t be erased, supplied by manufacturer

39
Q

What are the digital image components?

A
  1. Data acquisition ( x-raying pt. method of collecting info)
  2. Image processing (converting signals to image)
  3. Image display, storage archiving ( how its stored)
  4. Image communication
40
Q

Digital detectos give an electrical signal that is in ___ form

A

analog

41
Q

Steps in analog digitizing

A

analog digital converter, processing algorithyms, convert back to analog signal before displayed

Pt. –analog digital converter, After computer processes digital analog converter.

42
Q

A change in either the matrix size or the FOV will _____

A

Change the size of the pixels

43
Q

contrast resolution in digital imaging is directly related to the ________

A

bit depth of the pixels in the image

44
Q

Spatial resolution is controlled by

A

pixel size and sample frequency

45
Q

RIS stand for

A

radiology information system

46
Q

HIS stand for

A

Hospital information system

47
Q

EMR stand for

A

Electronic medical records

Digital detectors (2 decks)

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