Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Rad Science 2 > Digital Imaging Review > Flashcards

Digital Imaging Review Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What term describes the smallest unit of info within a digital image?

A

picture element (Pixel)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What term describes the component of digital radiography receptors responsible for capturing the radiation signal transmitted through the patient

A

Detector Element (DEL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What term describes the light-emitting components within display monitors

A

picture element (pixel)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When the matrix size of a digital image increases, the size of the individual pixels (increases/decreases)

A

decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When the matrix size of a digital image increases, the size of the pixels within the image (increase/decrease)

A

decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

As the matrix size of a digital image increases, the pixel size (increases/decreases)

A

decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When the matrix size of a digital image decreases, the size of the pixels within the image (increase/decrease)

A

increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does increased matrix size affect the spatial resolution of a digital image?

A

increases spatial resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How does decreased matrix size affect the spatial resolution of a digital image?

A

decreases spatial resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which would be the matrix size associated with the highest spatial resolution?

256x256
1024x1024
2048x2048

A

2048 x 2048

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What makes up the digital matrix of the image file?

A

pixels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Within digital radiography image matrix, 1024 x 1024 refers to what?

A

number of pixels in the matrix

matrix size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What radiographic matrix would create an image with the smallest pixels?

512x512
1024x1024
2048x2048

A

2048 x 2048

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What variables of a matrix affect spatial resolution?

A

pixel size
matrix size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A larger matrix size would create a more (clear/pixelated) image

A

clear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which spatial frequency would produce the greatest spatial resolution?

1.12 lp/mm
4.15 lp/mm
6.30 lp/mm

A

6.30 lp/mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How to calculate pixel size…

A

pixel size = FOV / Matrix size

FOV (field of view)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How to calculate spatial frequency?

A

SF = 1 / (2 x pixel size)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define dynamic range in radiography?

A

range of exposures that can be captured by an image receptor (IR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Exposure latitude is defined as…

A

range of exposure that produces quality images at an appropriate patient dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The specifications for an xray imaging system indicate that the detector can capture exposure values from 0.1 microgray to 1000 microgray. This quality of the system is called…

A

dynamic range

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Consider an xray exposure that results in a receptor exposure of 0.001 microgray, the resulting image is expected to display what? and why?

A

quantum mottle

detector has not received enough information to create a quality image

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

An xray exposure above the highest level of the exposure latitude may result in an image error called…

A

saturation artifact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Define exposure latitude

A

ability to produce radiographs at a wide range of technical factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

A radiographer acquires an optimal image of the wrist using 60 kvp and 2.5 mAs. Acquiring the same projection of 72 kvp and 5 mAs will result in what?

A

excessive patient dose

25
Q

Consider this scenario: One radiographer acquires an image of the chest using 100 kvp and 2 mAs. A different tech acquires an image of the chest of the same patient using 120 kvp and 2.5 mas. Both exposures result in EI that were acceptable. This is an example of…

A

exposure latitude

26
Q

What characteristics are present on an xray that was taken using a too low exposure setting?

A

quantum mottle
grainy

27
Q

Define bit depth

A

total number of brightness levels that can be produced by the digital system

28
Q

How many shades of gray can be displayed on a 8-bit digital radiography system?

A

256 shades

29
Q

Calculate shades of gray from bit depth

A

2^n
where n = bit depth

30
Q

Higher bit depth allows for (greater/less) amount of anatomic information on an image

A

greater

31
Q

quantization is a digital radiography process through which receptor reading are…

A

converted to specific digital values

32
Q

Higher contrast resolution means (more/less) shades of gray

A

more

33
Q

during digital image formation and processing, quantization takes place where

A

analog to digital converter (ADC)

34
Q

What is the smallest exposure diference that can be detected and displayed by the imaging system?

A

contrast resolution

35
Q

What factor influence the grayscale of a digital radiograph

A

bit depth

36
Q

As window level increases, brightness _______

A

increases

37
Q

The range of exposures a digital system can retain and use to create the image is the _________

A

dynamic range

38
Q

Quantum mottle on a digital image is caused by insufficient ___ ____

A

photon quantity

39
Q

T/F If a digital image is overexposed it must always be repeated.

A

false

40
Q

As you narrow the window width, you will create a _____ (longer/shorter) scale of contrast.

A

shorter

41
Q

Grayscale on a digital system is another way of describing the ____

A

scale of contrast

42
Q

number of pixels to create an image is the _____

A

matrix size

43
Q

T/F The use of a digital imaging system affects the process that creates size and shape distortion.

A

False

44
Q

T/F The digital imaging system is more sensitive to artifact material.

A

True

45
Q

A larger matrix will have ____ (smaller/larger) pixels, meaning the pixel pitch is (smaller, larger)

A

smaller, smaller

46
Q

A wide window width on an image will make it look more black/white or gray/white

A

black/white

47
Q

The ratio of radiation exposure to noise captured on an image is _____

A

signal to noise ratio

48
Q

T/F Monitor quality will affect spatial resolution of an image

A

true

49
Q

The relationship between spatial frequency and modulation transfer function is (indirect/direct)

A

indirect

50
Q

The ____ determines the amount of gray shades the system is able to display on the digital image

A

bit depth

51
Q

Pixel pitch, pixel size, and pixel density all have an affect on _______

A

spatial resolution

52
Q

What is “signal” referring to or describing?

A

useful information captured from the remnant beam
Patient’s actual anatomy

53
Q

Blotchy appearance caused by insufficient number of photons reaching the image receptor is known as ….. (3)

A

quantum noise
quantum mottle
photon starvation

54
Q

What would reduce system noise?

A

proper upkeep/maintenance of equipment

55
Q

What type of noise cannot be reduced and is always present/constant?

A

ambient noise

56
Q

Increasing the kvp would (increase/decrease) the signal and (increase/decrease) the scatter reaching the IR.

A

increase, increase

57
Q

Photons that add information but do not represent the anatomic structures are considered….

A

scatter radiation

58
Q

When using a grid is it preferred to increase kvp or mas

A

mas

59
Q
A

Rad Science 2 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions