Digital Devices that form part or all of IT systems Flashcards

(79 cards)

1
Q

What are multifunctional devices?

A

Touchscreens that are used on every gadget we own such as phones, tablets, computers and even tills in restaurant

Vibrations on games controller

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2
Q

What are servers?

A

heavily used in gaming industry

store millions of terabytes of data within their systems and are used to serve a network

Gaming companies use servers farms to keep the huge capacity of players on their network and running fast

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3
Q

What are data capture and collection systems?

A

things such as barcodes on items are scanned by epos scanners (electronic point of sale)
They are purchased and paid on EFTPOS (chip and pin scanners) and RFID readers (contactless card readers)

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4
Q

what are the 6 uses of digital devices?

A
education and training
personal
social
retail
organisational use
creative
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5
Q

input devices:

A

keyboard, mouse, scanner, graphics tablet, microphone, webcam, sensor

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6
Q

output devices:

A

monitor, projector, printer, plotter, speakers, headphones

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7
Q

Name and explain some accessibility devices?

A

trackball - easier mouse alternative

touchscreen keyboard - easier than keys

eye motion sensor - used by those with limited mobility

braille - a printer that outputs text to those who are blind

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8
Q

name and explain using an example of adaptive technology

A

tracker ball or eye motion

helps disabled people or those with limited mobility

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9
Q

Name some automatic data processing devices

A

biometric readers, barcode readers, optical mark recognition, radio frequency identification, smart meters

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10
Q

name some manual data processes

A

inputting client or product details into a database
entering customers meal choices into a restaurants system
marking exams
entering survey responses from a form

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11
Q

explain hard drives using there positives and negatives

A
are magnetic storage devices, used as the primary internal storage but can be external,
Good-
large storage capacity
low cost 
very reliable

Bad-
slower than SSDs
not very portable

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12
Q

explain solid state drives and their positives and negatives

A
are memory drives used as primary storage in portable devices such as tablets and laptops
Good)
very fast data reading
low power consumption
very reliable 

Bad)
higher cost than Hard disk drives
usually lower storage
only have a finite amount of writes

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13
Q

explain SD cards and their pros and cons

A

small flash memory cards that are used for storage in cameras and some smartphones
Good)
very small and portable
easy to transfer between devices

Bad)
very small storage capacity
has lots of compatibility problems

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14
Q

explain usb memory sticks and their pros and cons

A

small flash memory devices hat connect through a usb port

pros)
v portable
compatible with most computer systems

cons)
low storage
finite number of writes
very small and easy to lose

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15
Q

explain optional disks and their pros and cons

A

such as cds, dvds, blu ray disks and are used for software music and movies

pros)
small and portable
a lot of devices have the readable optical disks software

cons)
archival stability is questionable
fragile and easy to damage

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16
Q

explain magnetic tape and their pros and cons

A

used for large data backups
pros)
very large storage capacity
very cheap

cons)
data is loaded slow
requires specialist equipment

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17
Q

explain real time operating systems (RTOS)

A

inputs are processed and responded to immediately

fast responses
best used when inputs must be responded to instantly such as a traffic light and air traffic control systems

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18
Q

explain single user single task operating systems

A

one user can use the system at a time and one application at a time

requires fewer resources

best used on devices that have limited processing and memory

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19
Q

explain single user multitasking operating systems

A

one user can use the system at a time but more than one application can run at the same time

it allows the user to use several applications at once

best used on systems where a user needs to be able to switch between applications

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20
Q

explain multi users operating systems

A

many users at same time all running applications at the same time

processing and resources can be shared by multiple users

it is best used where many users need access to the same resources at the same time eg servers

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21
Q

name the factors that affect performance

A

slow hard disk drive, number of cores, limited cpu speed, limited ram, malware (viruses, worms, spyware)

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22
Q

explain command line interface (CLI)

A

the user interacts with the computer by typing in commands in response to prompts on the screen

good points- experienced users find it quicker to complete tasks
requires far less memory and processing power than GUIs

bad points- requires knowledge of the specific commands for performing functions
learning so many commands can be intimidating for new users

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23
Q

explain GUI (graphic user interface)

A

user interacts with the device by controlling a pointer or touch screen to select icons or menus on screen. these are mostly used on pcs and smartphones

Good) simple and easy to learn, doesn’t require the user to learn commands, usually have lots of accessibility features

bad) often very resource heavy, experienced users prefer the use of CLI as it only takes one command there vs lots of clicking about on this interface

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24
Q

explain menu based interface

A

users interact using a simple menu that presents options to choose from eg an atm screen

good) limited options make it easy to use, doesn’t need instructions, can be adapted to the users need eg larger text or even speech output
bad) performing tasks can be slow and frustrating due to the many levels of the menu

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25
explain utility softwares
used to manage system resources, utilities help us optimise and maintain our computer systems, many utilities are pre installed as part of the operating system while others may be selected by the user and installed such as antivirus scanners
26
explain the 3 disk utilities
file compressors- compress files to reduce their size and decompresses them for later access backup- utlitkies al
27
explain network utilities and give 2 examples
network utilities are designed to maintain good network traffic and keep networks secure firewalls prevent unauthorised access by monitoring and blocking suspicious traffic since open networks are at risk from hackers antivirus prevents computers from receiving viruses and detects and removes viruses that have already infected a system
28
what are the two other utilities that do not have a specific category
registry cleaners are designed for windows systems to remove old and no longer in use registry entries which can help improve the overall performance of the system system profilers display a detailed breakdown of the whole system including the hardware and software. This can help with deciding where a system can be upgraded or which part is causing the problems
29
Explain all the image file types
gif- small file size but low quality, can display animation jpg- good compression, files can not be decompressed tho bmp- uncompressed file format, image quality is high but file size is large too png- lossless compression to save high quality images in low file sizes
30
explain all 4 video files
mkv- high quality playback but is not supported by some devices mov- designed for use with apple quicktime software but can be used on others, high quality and can be compressed, good for streaming mp4- supports high quality video whilst still compressing file size, works on a wide variety of devices and software avi- uncompressed so is v high quality but large file sizes, not good for streaming
31
what are the 3 issues with file types?
compatibility, quality and file size
32
3 types of application software
productivity software- applications such as word processors, desktop publishers and spreadsheets that are used in office environments to supports tasks and improve efficiency graphics software- applications that are used to edit photos or create original artwork communications software- applications that make communicating quicker and easier. they include instant messaging email and voip software
33
what is proprietary software
where the source code is privately owned by the software company, users pay to buy or subscribe to the software
34
what is open source software
where the source code is available to read and modify most are free too
35
what are the 3 things to consider when thinking of choosing software
ease of use reliability capability
36
what are the 3 things to think about whilst looking at the performance of a software
the maturity eg beta versions will have lots of bugs how the interface fits with other devices/ systems supper of hardware for complex tasks
37
what are emerging technologies and give some examples
technologies that are currently in development and are just starting to make an impact on business and society eg Artificial Intelligence Biometrics Robotics Virtual Reality
38
what are true implications of emerging technologies
whilst being useful many of the new technologies require data which is a strain on our current infrastructure society is becoming more demanding on data meaning that data access is essential to maintain and develop these technologies new ways of identifying ourselves through biometrics such as finger prints and facial recognition brings the need for greater security measures
39
what are the 3 wired system connection methods
Cat5 Coaxial Fibre Optic
40
what are the 3 wired device connections
VGA HDMI USB
41
what are the 4 wireless system connection methods
wifi 3g/4g satellite microwave/ laser
42
what are the 3 wireless connection methods for devices
bluetooth wifi direct wifi
43
explain PAN
personal area network eg bluetooth pan is used to connect all the digital devices in a persons workspace
44
explain VpN
virtual private network creates a secure connection over a public network by using encryption allows a business to have a secure wife network without having to pay the high cost of making a brand new infrastructure
45
what are protocols
rules that define methods of communicating data between two or more devices. they ensure the data follows a set procedure
46
Explain tcp/ ip
transmission control protocol and internet protocol are used together as the basic communications language of the internet TCP is used to create packets that are reassembled at the end IP is used to route packets to the intended computer/ destination using the computers IP address
47
what is smtp
the simple mail transfer protocol is used to transfer emails between mail servers
48
explain POP3
the post office protocol 3 is used to retrieve emails from the mail server it allows us to download messages for offline reading
49
explain IMAP
the instant messages access protocol is used to retrieve emails from the mail server, rather than downloading the messages imap syncs them with the mail server
50
what are the 3 voice and video protocols
h.323 sip rrp
51
what are the 3 types of web pages
http https ftp
52
what are the 2 security protocols
SSL (secure sockets layer) and TLS (transport layer security) used to ensure that transactions over networks are kept safe SSL is gradually being phased out and replaced with TLS
53
what is data transmission
involves sending digital messages between devices and networks such as in a lan or over the internet
54
what are the 3 security considerations of data transmission
user authentications (usernames and passwords) firewalls (monitor traffic go prevent dangerous data or unauthorised access from getting into the system) encryption (ensures intercepted data cannot be read. HTTPS is a commonly used for secure data transmission)
55
explain bandwidth
the rate of data transfer over a network usually measured in bits per second
56
explain latency
the time delay for a data packet to transfer to its destination usually measured in milliseconds
57
what is compression
it reduces files sizes so files can be transferred faster. It is used for images on the web, video and audio in streaming and documents attatched to emails
58
what are the two types of compression and their definition
lossy, which is here data is permanently deleted during compression used in images audio and visual lossless, which is where all of the original data is recovered when uncompressed, used for documents
59
what is a codec
a program that compressed and decompresses video and audio files it reduces space on the disc and allows fat transfer over a network leads to loss of quality and the resolution as well as the fps
60
what are the advantages of cloud storage for individuals
data can be accessed on lots of devices complex software can be accessed from home
61
what are the disadvantages of cloud computing for an individual
cloud storage can make heavy use of bandwidth hackers could access and misuse personal photos or videos on the servers
62
what are the advantages of cloud storage for organisations
more secure than being physically there saves money on staffing
63
what are the disadvantages of cloud computing for organisations
no control over their security of their backups privacy concerns over who can access their data software is not accessible if their is a network down
64
what are the 5 things to think about before switching to an online system
security, cost, ease of use, features, connectivity
65
what are the 6 main methods of communicating on the internet
social media, blog, wikis, chatrooms, podcasts, forums
66
what are the 4 main threats to IT systems
malware, hackers, phishing, accidental damage
67
what are the 3 main tools for protecting data
antivirus software, firewalls, encryption
68
what are the 2 main acts that protect data
data protection act 1998- protects the privacy of individuals data held by others, stops data being misused computer misuse act 1990- protects against attacks on IT systems used to gain access and steal or cause damage to data Those who carry out attacks can face unlimited fines and up to 10 years in prison
69
what are the pros and cons of using it systems for stock control
automatic stock reordering accurate stock levels recorded -can be expensive and may require staff training
70
what are the pros and cons of using it systems for data logging and analysis
highly accurate recordings doesn’t require humans automatic processing of data and output in different formats - requires persistent data connectivity to provide real time telemetry
71
what are the pros and cons of using it systems for general office tasks
improves efficiency and quality eg in reports presentations and spreadsheets may require training of staff - it support teams needed to correct issues and maintain software
72
what are the pros and cons of using it systems for creative tasks
makes it easier to edit film music and artwork many ways of sharing creative work eg video and imagine sharing websites -files from creative tasks such as film editing require large storage capacities - piracy concerns
73
what are the pros and cons of using it systems for online advertising
allows very specific targeted marketing based on the users browsing habits very cost effective with a variety of payment methods such as cost per click, cost per impression and cost per lead - difficult to chose the best site for your adverts from the huge choice
74
what are the pros and cons of using it systems for manufacturing
improved efficiency- robots don’t take breaks or make mistakes hazardous tasks can be performed by machines - loss of jobs in manufacturing and can be very expensive to implement - can not deal with exceptions easily
75
what are the pros and cons of using it systems for security
includes technologies such as swipe cards and biometrics cctv monitoring and video technologies require fewer staff patrolling -often expensive to implement these security systems dude to the user of specialist hardware and often bespoke software solutions -privacy concerns
76
what are the 8 things that need to be considered before introducing it systems into an organisation
user experience, employee/ customer needs, cost, implementation, replacement/ integration, working practices, user support/ staff training needs, security
77
what are the moral and ethical use that producers/ users of it systems need to consider
environments resources, unequal access, online behaviour, globalisation, freedom of speech, acceptable use, health and safety, copyright, computer misuse, privacy, accessibility
78
what are the 7 legislations that affect use of IT systems
—copyright, designs and patents act 1988 —consumer rights act 2015 —police and justice act 2006 (computer misuse) —computer misuse act 1990 —the copyright (computer programs) regulations 1992 —the health and safety (display equipment) regulations 1992
79
what are the 5 accessibility legislations
disability discrimination acts 1995 & 2005 equality act 2010 british standards institute (BSI) codes of practice open accessibility framework (OAF) web content accessibility guidelines (WCAG) 1.0 & 2.0