digestve system

Question 1

nutrients

Answer 1

From food
Carbohydrate
protein
fat
Not from food
water
fibre
mineral salts

Question 2

The nutrients in food, such as starch are_____. They are _____ and used by the body cells. Hence the large n=molecules need to be first broken down into_____before they can be absorbed by the body and used to release energy.

Answer 2

large insoluble molecules
toobig to be absorbed by the body
smaller, soluble molecules

Question 3

what does the alimentary canal consists of

Answer 3

Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine(colon and rectum) and the anus.

Question 4

Whar are the accessory organs(not part but help)

Answer 4

pancreas, gall bladder and liver(all for enrichment), salivary glands

Question 5

What is physical digestio

Answer 5

Breka food into smaller pieces by means such as crushing, grinding and mixing(e.g. chewing in mouth and churning action of stomach)

Question 6

What is chemical digestion

Answer 6

By enzymes hydrolyse the food molecules into smaller, soluble molecules to be absorbed

Question 7

What are enzymes

Answer 7

Biological catalysts produced by the body that spped up chemical reactions.(without use too much time)

Question 8

Types of enzymes and what it act on and the end product of it

Answer 8

-Carbohydrases, carbohydrates, simple sugar(glucose)
-proteases, proteins, amino acids
-lipases, fats, fatty acids and glycerol

Question 9

What about the end products of digestion

Answer 9

Can absorbed into bloodstream and transport the all parts of body.

Question 10

function of mouth

Answer 10

-Teeth cut and crush food to break it into smaller pieves(increase S.A to volume ratio of food to diges quick.
- salivary glands secrete saliva which contains salivary amylase(amylase- an enzyme that digests starch to maltose, late rto glucose)
saliva also softens and lubricates food for easier swallowing
- no protein or fat are digested in mouth.

Question 11

Function of oesophagus

Answer 11

-Muscular tube that contracts and relaxes to push food down towards stomach.
- does not release digestive juice, but starch is digested by salivary amylase(no physical digestion)

Question 12

function of stomach

Answer 12

churns to break food into smaller peices and mix with gastric juice(hydrochloric acid,kill bacteria and proteases,digest proteins into polypeptides)
has thick layer of mucus to protect tissues from damage by hydrochloric acid and proteases.
No carbohydrates or fats digested here.