digestive tract Flashcards
Gall bladder
stores bile from the liver then releases
Bile
Fluid the liver produces to digest Fat
Liver
- regulates most chemical levels in the blood
- releases and make bile
- converts glucose to glycogen for storage
Pancreas
Makes pancreatic juices to break down sugars, fat, and starches Makes hoemones (insulin and glucagon) to regulate blood sugar level
Lactase
Breaks down lactose in small intestine
Mouth
Saliva
chewing
enzymes in saliva break down starch
Osophagus
Nerves make muscle contractions which sends the food to stomach
Stomach
hormones start to dissolve foods and break down proteins
the hormones also tell the pancreas, liver and gall bladder to produce juices
Hormones also release bile to break down fat in the next stage
Small intestine
Bile from the gall bladder is secreted into the SI which then dissolves the fats so they can easily digested by the pancreatic and intestinal juices
The fat gets broken down into fatty acids and glycerol
Final destruction of proteins into amino acids
enzymes make carbs into glucose
Large intestine
water drains ou through walls
fiber
dead cells
resistant starch is fermented
where is protein broken down
Begins in the stomach then they get fully destructed into amino acids in the small intestine
where is fat broken down
In the smalk intestine by bile the gets digested by pancreatic and intestinal juices into fatty acids and glycerol
Where are carbs broken down
enzymes in the small intestine break it down into glucose
Lipase and amylase break down what and where
Carbs and fat in the saliva
they are enzymes
protease
The enzyme that breaks down protein in the stomach into smaller chains
Extra: The protein then gets sent to the small intestine which enzymes from the pancreas break it down further into amino acids
