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Animal Science > Digestive Systems > Flashcards

Digestive Systems Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Digestive System

A

The organs that take in food and liquids and break them down into substances that the body can use for energy

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2
Q

Esophagus

A

Connects the mouth to the stomach. Organ that food travels.

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3
Q

Pharynx

A

A hallow muscular tube inside the neck. Acts as a passageway for air into the lungs and for food into the esophagus.

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4
Q

Simple Stomach

A

A single chamber lined by muscular folds. EX: Pig, Human

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5
Q

Ruminant Stomach

A

A four compartment stomach consisting of the Omasum, Abomasum, Rumen, and Reticulum.

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6
Q

Rumen

A

1st stomach, the storage area.

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7
Q

Reticulum

A

The hard-ware stomach, keeps foreign objects from entering the stomach.

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8
Q

Omasum

A

Absorbs juices from the food (mostly water).

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9
Q

Abomasum

A

The true stomach, it breaks down the food with acids.

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10
Q

Small Intestine

A

Connects the stomach to the large intestine, moves food through muscle contractions (peristaltic movement), absorbs nutrients, and contains bile and pancreatic juices.

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11
Q

Large intestine

A

Includes the cecum, colon, and rectum. Absorbs water and this is where residue solidifies before excretion.

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12
Q

cecum

A

Sac at the junction of the small and large intestine. Furthers the breakdown process.

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13
Q

Gizzard

A

Located after proventriculus, very muscular, used to grind food.

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14
Q

Proventriculus

A

Same as monogastric stomach and provides digestive excretions.

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15
Q

Cloaca

A

Chamber into which urinary and genital canals open

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16
Q

Ceca

A

Aids in fiber digestion and absorption

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17
Q

Crop

A

Stores and moistens food.

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18
Q

Simple Stomach EX

A

Pig, Human, Rabbit, Horse.

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19
Q

Complex Stomach EX

A

Sheep, Goats, Cattle

20
Q

Modified Simple Stomach

A

Non-ruminant animals that consume and digest feeds high in fiber.

21
Q

Ruminant

A

An animal that has multiple stomachs and regurgitates.

22
Q

Mouth of a simple stomach

A

Has upper incisors, chews and salivates food, contains enzymes in the saliva.

23
Q
A
24
Q

3 enzymes in the simple stomach

A

Gastric, liver and pancreatic, and Intestinal.

25
Q

Gastric Enzyme

A

Breaks down proteins in the stomach.

26
Q

Liver and pancreatic enzyme

A

Breaks down fats in small intestine.

27
Q

Intestinal enzyme

A

Breaks down carbs and proteins in small intestine.

28
Q

Pancreas

A

Produces enzymes that help to digest food, particularly protein.

29
Q

Liver

A

Secrets bile which digests fats

30
Q

Rectum

A

Poop holding area

31
Q

Colon

A

Removes water and some nutrients

32
Q

Describe a horses mouth

A

Intact top and bottom incisors, no digestive enzymes in saliva, and molars adapted to chewing fiber.

33
Q

Order of the ruminant stomach

A
  1. Rumen
  2. Reticulum
  3. Omasum
  4. Abomasum
34
Q

Types of acids used in the monogastric stomach

A

Hydrochloric acid, and enzymes

35
Q

Define rumination

A

Regurgitation and chewing cud.

36
Q

How is the monogastric stomach different from the ruminant stomach

A

Single stomach animal that is not good at breaking down fiber.

37
Q

Define digestion

A

The process of breaking down food into nutrients that the body can then absorb

38
Q

What types of structures make up the abomasum

A

-The larger part: fundus and body.
-The smaller part: pyloric portion

39
Q

Give two animals that have a simple stomach

A

Human, Pig

40
Q

Give four examples of animals with a ruminant stomach

A

Deer, cow, sheep, goat

41
Q

Describe the mouth of a ruminant

A

-No upper incisors, it is a hard palate
-No enzymes in saliva
-Has molars to grind vegetation.

42
Q

Why is a horse’s stomach different?

A

It has an enlarged Cecum

43
Q

Another animal (besides a horse) with a modified simple stomach?

A

Rabbit

44
Q

Functions of the proventriculus?

A

Same as monogastric stomach and provides digestive excretions.

45
Q
A
46
Q
A
47
Q
A

Animal Science (2 decks)

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