Digestive system parts

Question 1

What is the Oral Cavity?

Answer 1

The hollow organ where ingestion occurs

Question 2

Function of lips?

Answer 2

Assist in speech

Question 3

Functions of teeth?

Answer 3

Strongest substance in the body.
* Incisors bite
* Canines rip and tear food
* Molars and pre-molars grind food

Question 4

Functions and definition of tongue?

Answer 4

Large muscle inside the mouth that:
* Mixes food with saliva
* Pushes food under teeth when chewing * Assists swallowing
* Enables speech

Question 5

What is mucus?

Answer 5

Mucus is a slimy substance in saliva.
It helps the food slip down your throat!

Question 6

What makes saliva?

Answer 6

Salivary glands

Question 7

Nasal cavity definition?

Answer 7

Area between nostrils and back of throat which filters and warms air for breathing

Question 8

Epiglottis definition?

Answer 8

Lid-like structure in the throat that automatically closes the windpipe when swallowing, making sure food goes down the food pipe (oesophagus).

Question 9

Wind pipe (trachea) definition?

Answer 9

The long continuous cartilage tube running from mouth to lungs that transports airs to the lungs for breathing

Question 10

Oesophagus definition?

Answer 10

The long continuous muscular tube running from mouth to stomach that transports swallowed balls of food called bolus with slow muscle contractions known as peristalsis.

Question 11

Oesophagus function?

Answer 11

Passes food down to your stomach

Question 12

Do the liver and pancreas form part of the long tube running from mouth to anus?

Answer 12

The liver and pancreas are accessory organs that don’t form part of the long tube running from mouth to anus but still play an important role in digesting food.

Question 13

Stomach definition?

Answer 13

The large muscular bag between the oesophagus and the small intestines that temporarily stores bolus to slow down digestion.

Question 14

How long is the small intestine?

Answer 14

In humans, the small intestine is about 6 meters long!

Question 15

Definition of the small intestine?

Answer 15

The long muscular tube running from stomach to the start of the large intestine when digested food gets absorbed into the blood stream. Food moves down the small intestines through the process of peristalsis.
The small intestines have many fold and extensions called villi which increases the surface area available for absorption

Question 16

Small intestine function?

Answer 16

The small intestines absorbs all the nutrients you eat into the blood stream, so it is important that the blood stream (veins and arteries) are close to the surface of the villi.

Question 17

Appendix function and definition?

Answer 17

A small tail found at the junction between the small intestines and the large intestines. The appendix’s function is unknown in human digestion but may store good bacteria. It can sometimes get infected and cause appendicitis.

Question 18

Large intestines (colon) definition and function?

Answer 18

The thicker intestines running from the end of the small intestines to the rectum where food forms into faeces as water is absorbed.

Question 19

Rectum function and definition?

Answer 19

The ending of the large intestine where faeces is temporarily stores before it is defecated

Question 20

Anus definition and function?

Answer 20

The final muscular opening at the end of the digestive system where faeces leaves the body

Question 21

Ingestion definition?

Answer 21

the intake of food by biting, chewing and swallowing

Question 22

Digestion definition?

Answer 22

the mechanical and chemical process that converts insoluble food into soluble nutrients

Question 23

Absorption definition?

Answer 23

when soluble nutrients are taken up by the blood stream

Question 24

Egestion definition?

Answer 24

when undigested food materials, called faeces, pass out of the body

Question 25

Mechanical digestion definition? Where does mechanical digestion occur?

Answer 25

The physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces. Mechanical digestion can occur in many processed including:
1. Mastication (chewing) in the mouth
2. Churning in the stomach
3. Peristalsis in the oesophagus and the intestines

Question 26

Chemical digestion definition? Where does chemical digestion occur?

Answer 26

The chemical breakdown of food from small pieces into even smaller soluble pieces that can be absorbed in the blood stream.
Places where chemical digestion occurs includes:
1. Enzymes in the mouth digest starch
2. Hydrochloric acid and enzymes in the stomach digest proteins, starch and fats.
3. Bile made in the liver and intestinal juices break down food further in the small intestines

Question 27

Enzymes definition?

Answer 27

Enzymes are proteins that control the rate at which chemical substances are built up or broken down