Digestive system

Question 1

Why do humans crave fat and sugar?

Answer 1

fatty and sweet foods were hard to find for ancestors.

Question 2

What is the alimentary canal and how long is it normally?

Answer 2

The complete passage from food to go from mouth to anus. Usually 30 ft

Question 3

What is mechanical digestion?

Answer 3

physically breaking food

Question 4

chemical digestion

Answer 4

chemically breaking down food..

enzymes

Question 5

inscisors

Answer 5

teeth meant to cut food into chewable pieces

Question 6

Liver

Answer 6

largest digestive gland

up and to the right of stomach

Question 7

gallbladder

Answer 7

where liver secretions are stored

bile stored in gull bladder

Question 8

epiglottis

Answer 8

flap of cartilage to keep food out of trachea

Question 9

oral cavity

Answer 9

mouth and everything in mouth

Question 10

incisor

Answer 10

front tooth used for biting

Question 11

stomach

Answer 11

the portion off the canal between esophagus and small intestine

Question 12

pharynx

Answer 12

the back of the throat

Question 13

molars

Answer 13

back teeth that grind and crush food

Question 14

canines

Answer 14

pointy teeth overdeveloped in vampires

Question 15

anus

Answer 15

the opening where waste is exited

Question 16

pancreas

Answer 16

digestive gland before the stomach

Question 17

bolus

Answer 17

ball of chewed up food

Question 18

salivary glands

Answer 18

digestive gland that secrete into the oral cavity

Question 19

esophagus

Answer 19

peristalsis in the walls push food to the stomach

muscular tube from pharynx to stomach

Question 20

duodenum

Answer 20

1st ten inches of the small intestine

Question 21

sphincter

Answer 21

a ring muscles controls the movement of food moving through the alimentary canal
prevents backup

Question 22

tongue

Answer 22

taste buds

push back food

Question 23

chyme

Answer 23

semi liquid, semi digested food in the stomach

Question 24

small intestine

Answer 24

where majority of digestion occurs and absorption of nutrients

Question 25

rectum

Answer 25

last portion of alimentary canal before anus

Question 26

large intestine

Answer 26

where water is absorbed and feces created | wraps around large intestine

Question 27

at what points along the digestive systems do food molecules actually enter the body cells?

Answer 27

small intestine and large intestine

Question 28

how does the structures of the small intestine suit its function

Answer 28

has a lot of surface are for maximum nutrient absorbtion | large golds, villi and microvilli

Question 29

what are the main functions of the large intestine

Answer 29

absorbs water and breaks down cellulose | if antibiotics work to long bacteria in large intestine could die and cellulose won't be able to break down

Question 30

What role do sphincters play

Answer 30

prevents back flow and controls flow

Question 31

what is the role of the epiglottis

Answer 31

cartilage preventing things from going down trachea

Question 32

list three digestive enzymes

Answer 32

lipase breaks down fat amylase breaks down starch pepsin breaks down protwin lactase breaks down lactose

Question 33

what is the duodenum

Answer 33

first 10 inches of small intestine | combination of chime, bile, and pancreatic juice

Question 34

What are three substances that make up gastric juice

Answer 34

mucus, pepsin and hydrochloric acid

Question 35

Explain the function of the esophagus

Answer 35

carry food liquid and saliva to the stomach

Question 36

what is peristalsis and why is it important in the digestive system?

Answer 36

movement of intestine- like pulsing that moves food through intestine

Question 37

What does hydrochloric acid do in the stomach

Answer 37

helps pepsin break down proteins

Question 38

what does pepsin do in the stomach

Answer 38

mixes with hydrochloric acid to break down proteins

Question 39

what does mucus do in the stomach

Answer 39

lines the stomach so that hydrochloric acid doesn't burn the inside of your stomach

Question 40

What causes heartburn and gerd

Answer 40

back flow of chyme into esaphogus

Question 41

What is a gastric ulcer

Answer 41

gastric juice burns through stomach lining | treat with antibiotics

Question 42

Average length of small intestine

Answer 42

20ft

Question 43

average width of small intestine

Answer 43

2.5 cm

Question 44

Juice from pancreas

Answer 44

pancreatic juice- digestive enzymes to neutralize chyme

Question 45

how long does it take for food to move through small inrestine

Answer 45

4 hours

Question 46

Juice from liver and gull bladder

Answer 46

bile | breaks down fat

Question 47

Large intestine length

Answer 47

5 ft

Question 48

average with of large intestine

Answer 48

6 cm

Question 49

Major function of large intestine

Answer 49

reabsorption of water and cellulose

Question 50

how longer material to move through large intestineq

Answer 50

12-24 hours

Question 51

how does e coli helpful to human digestion

Answer 51

breaking down cellulose | produce b vitamins and k vitamins

Question 52

appendix

Answer 52

contains white blood cells to fight disease | appendicitis is a bacterial infection in appendix