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Organ Histology - Exam 3 > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the digestive system?

A 
Ingestion, mastication
Secretion, absorption
Elimination of Wastes
Motility, hormone release
Chemical digestion
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2
Q

The oral cavity includes what?

A

Tongue, teeth, major and minor salivary glands, tonsils, and lips.

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3
Q

The oral cavity is lined with what?

A

Oral mucosa

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4
Q

What are the 3 types of oral mucosa?

A

masticatory mucosa
lining mucosa
Specialized mucosa

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5
Q

The masticatory mucosa is found where?

A

On gingival and hard palate

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6
Q

Masticatory mucosa has what type of surface epithelium?

A

keratinized or parakeratinized stratified squamous

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7
Q

What is the difference between parakeratinized and keratinized surface epithelium?

A

The superficial cells of parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium keep their nuclei.

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8
Q

What are the two parts of the masticatory mucosa’s lamina propria?

A

Papillary layer and

reticular layer

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9
Q

The papillary layer of the masticatory mucosa’s lamina propria is made up of what kind of connective tissue?

A

Thick loose ct

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10
Q

Which of the two layers of the lamina propria of the masticatory mucosa has blood vessels, nerves, sensory receptors and some Meissner’s corpuscles?

A

Papillary layer

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11
Q

What type of ct is in the reticular layer of the lamina propria for the masticatory mucosa?

A

More dense ct

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12
Q

Where is the lining mucosa found?

A

Soft palate, underside of tongue, floor of mouth, cheeks, and lips.

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13
Q

What is found in the papillary layer of the lamina propria of the masticatory mucosa?

A

Blood vessels
Nerves
Sensory receptors
Some Meissner’s Corpuscles

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14
Q

What is generally the surface epithelium of the lining mucosa?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium (nonkeratinized)

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15
Q

What is occasionally the surface epithelium for lining mucosa?

A

Parakeratinized epithelium

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16
Q

What is the surface epithelium for the lips, vermillion border?

A

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

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17
Q

Which is a thicker layer of epithelium (lining mucosa)? non-keratinized or keratinized epithelium?

A

non-keratinized

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18
Q

Describe the lamina propria of the lining mucosa?

A

Loose ct with blood vessels and nerves

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19
Q

What gives the vermillion border it’s reddish look?

A

Blood vessels

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20
Q

Does the lining mucosa have a submucosa?

A

yes

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21
Q

Where is the submucosa of the lining mucosa found?

A

Found in most places

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22
Q

What can the submucosa contain?

A

Minor salivary glands
Sebaceous glands (mouth corners)
Larger blood vessels
nerves

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23
Q

Where is the specialized mucosa found?

A

On the dorsal surface of the tongue

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24
Q

What is the surface epithelium of the specialized mucosa (2)?

A

keratinized stratified squamous

Stratified squamous

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25
Q

What kind of surface epithelium is found o filiform papillae?

A

Keratinized stratified squamous

26
Q

What kind of surface epithelium is found on all other papillae other than filiform?

A

Stratified squamous

27
Q

What are the general functions of the specialized mucosa?

A

Move food

taste

28
Q

What is the pattern of the mucosa of the tongue?

A

Thicker dorsally, thinner and smoother posteriorly

29
Q

Small salivary (von Ebner) glands are associated with what type of papillae?

A

Vallate

30
Q

What is the function of the von Ebner - small salivary - glands?

A

produce serious fluid to cleanse the Tate buds on vallate papillae

31
Q

Taste buds are located on all papillae except which ones?

A

filiform papillae

32
Q

The surface area of the tongue includes what types of papillae?

A

Filiform, cuneiform, foliage, vallate

33
Q

What is the lamina propria of the tongue contains?

A

Loose ct

adipose possible

34
Q

Is a submucosa usually considered present of the tongue?

A

yes

35
Q

What else can be a part of the submucosa? At what time?

A

Adipose possible

As we age

36
Q

What does the submucosa of the tongue contain?

A

Lingual salivary glands

37
Q

What do the lingual salivary glands produce?

A

Same products as the major salivary glands

38
Q

Do the intrinsic muscles of the tongue have external attachment?

A

NO

39
Q

What is the arrangement of the 4 intrinsic tongue muscles?

A

4 alternating muscles arranged from dorsal to posterior within the tongue

40
Q

What 4 intrinsic muscles are in the tongue?

A

Superior longitudinal muscle
Vertical muscles alternating with transverse muscles
Inferior longitudinal muscles

41
Q

Which muscle is on the undersurface of the tongue?

A

Inferior longitudinal

42
Q

What is the function of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

change the tongue shape

43
Q

List the layers from outside to inside of a developing tooth before eruption through the gingiva.

A 
ameloblasts
Enamel
dentin
predentin
odontoblast 
Dental papilla
44
Q

What type of cells are ameloblasts?

A

Polarized columnar cells

45
Q

What happens to the ameloblasts after the tooth erupts?

A

Lose - they die when hit the air

46
Q

What is the function of ameloblasts?

A

produce enamel

47
Q

What is the hardest substance in the body?

A

enamel

48
Q

How thick is enamel?

A

About 2mm thick

49
Q

Can you make more enamel after the tooth has erupted?

A

no

50
Q

The enamel is made of what?

A

Interlinked enamel rods

51
Q

Dentin is harder than what?

A

bone

52
Q

Can you repair dentin?

A

yes

53
Q

Dentin contains what?

A

thin dentinal tumbles containing nerves and cell processes of odontoblasts

54
Q

Denting is produced by what?

A

odontoblasts

55
Q

What is produced by odontoblasts?

A

dentin

56
Q

What is predentin?

A

A precursor to dentin before mineralization?

57
Q

What is a precursor to dentin before mineralization?

A

predentin

58
Q

What type of cell is an odontoblast?

A

Columnar cell

59
Q

Where do you find odontoblasts?

A

Lining pulp cavity

60
Q

What is the function of odontoblasts?

A

repair, produce, and maintain dentin

61
Q

What is the ct with many blood vessels and nerves of the dental papilla called?

A

Dental pulp

62
Q

What is a potential problem with the dental papilla?

A

Extensive inflammation

Organ Histology - Exam 3 (1 decks)

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