Digestive system Flashcards
Which of the following is a function performed by the digestive system?
A) cellular respiration B) food selection C) elimination of undigested food D) regulation of blood pH E) integration and coordination of other systems
C) elimination of undigested food
The muscularis layer in the wall of the digestive tract is -
A) skeletal muscle throughout the tract, especially in the large intestine
B) the layer of the digestive tract wall that contains capillaries
C) in direct contact with the food that is consumed
D) composed of a layer of circular smooth muscle fibres and a layer of longitudinal smooth muscle fibres
E) connective tissue and the peritoneum
D) composed of a layer of circular smooth muscle fibres and a layer of longitudinal smooth muscle fibres
The enteric plexus
A) is found in the mucosa
B) consists of the myenteric plexus and the celiac plexus
C) contains sympathetic neurone and fibres
D) controls movement and secretion of the digestive tract
E) is a valve in the GI tract
D) controls movement and secretion of the digestive tract
Which layer of the digestive tract is in direct contact with the food consumed?
A) mucosa B) muscularis C) submucosa D) serosa E) peritoneum
A) mucosa
Which of the following is correctly matched?
A) mucosa - controls peristalsis
B) serosa - contains an extensive supply of nerves and blood vessels
C) submucosa - lamina propria
D) serosa - increased surface area
E) muscularis - responsible for peristalsis
E) muscularis - responsible for peristalsis
The myenteric plexus is found in the _ of the digestive tract wall
A) mucosa B) serosa C) submucosa D) muscularis external E) Adventitia
D) muscularis external
Beginning at the lumen, the sequence of the layers of the digestive tract wall is
A) submucosa, mucosa, serous membrane, muscularis
B) muscularis, lamina propria, submucosa, mucosa
C) mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa
D) peritoneum, submucosa, mucosa, lamina propria
E) submucosa, mucosa, adventitia, muscularis
C) mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa
Secretions that are added as food moves through the GI Tract assist in
A) liquefying and digesting the food
B) vitamin A and D production and storage
C) distribution of nutrients throughout the body
D) insulin production
E) bike production
A) liquefying and digesting the food
Arrange the following processes in the proper sequence
1: digestion
2: elimination
3: ingestion
4: absorption
A) 3,4,2,1 B) 1,4,3,2 C) 4,1,2,3 D) 3,4,1,2 E) 3,1,4,2
E) 3,1,4,2
Which of the following organs as part of the digestive track or elementary canal?
A) salivary gland B) liver C) gallbladder D) stomach C) pancreas
D) stomach
Which of the following occurs in the large intestine
A) chemical digestion B) mass movements C) mastication D) mixing waves E) neutralisation
B) mass movements
Diffusion and active transport are likely to be important in
A) mastication of food B) absorption of food C) elimination of undigested food D) propulsion of food through the digestive tract E) mixing of food
B) absorption of food
The epiglottis covers the opening into the larynx during
A) the voluntary phase of swallowing B) the pharyngeal phase of swallowing C) the oesophageal phase of swallowing D) the gastric phase of swallowing E) the oral phase of swallowing
B) the pharyngeal phase of swallowing
The abdominal cavity is lined with
A) the omental bursa B) mesenteries C) the greater omentum D) parietal peritoneum E) superficial fascia
D) parietal peritoneum
Saliva
A) is produced only when there is food in the mouth
B) increases ulceration in the mouth
C) is responsible for peristalsis in the mouth
D) moistens food and begins starch digestion in the mouth
E) does not prevent bacterial infection in the mouth
D) moistens food and begins starch digestion in the mouth
The oral cavity
A) opens into the nasopharynx B) directly connects to the oesophagus C) contains the parotoid salivary glands D) has boundaries that include the lips, palate and cheeks E) is lined with cuboidal epithelium
D) has boundaries that include the lips, palate and cheeks
The lips, cheeks and tongue all aid in
A) speech and swallowing B) mastication and speech C) mastication and swallowing D) mastication and sense of taste E) degluition and peristalsis
B) mastication and speech
The tongue
A) secretes saliva
B) plays a major role in swallowing
C) contains a lot of connective and lymphatic tissue
D) is attached to the hard palate
E) functions in deglutition apnoea
B) plays a major role in swallowing
Which of the following is associated with the tongue
A) uvula B) constrictor muscles C) papillae and taste buds D) periodontal ligament E) fauces
C) papillae and taste buds
Lipid-soluable drugs placed under the tongue
A) are more easily swallowed B) can be detected by the taste buds C) are quickly dissolved and absorbed D) are then easy to chew E) are not readily absorbed
C) are quickly dissolved and absorbed
Food is prevented from entering the nasal cavity during swallowing by the
A) epiglottis B) palatine tonsils C) tongue D) soft palate E) hard palate
D) soft palate
The salivary glands that open into the oral cavity beside the frenulum of the tongue are the
A) parotid glands B) sublingual glands C) buccal glands D) labial glands E) lacrimal glands
B) sublingual glands
The salivary glands located just anterior to the ear are the
A) parotid glands B) submandibular glands C) buccal glands D) labial glands E) sublingual glands
A) parotid glands
The digestive functions performed by saliva and salivary amylase respectively are
A) flushing and protein digestion B) swallowing and fat digestion C) peristalsis and polysaccharide digestion D) moistening and starch digestion E) none of the above
D) moistening and starch digestion
Salivary gland secretion is primarily controlled by the
A) facial and glossy pharyngeal nerves B) vagus nerves C) taste centres of the medulla D) intercostal nerves E) trigeminal nerve
A) facial and glossy pharyngeal nerves
Mastication
A) increases the surface area of food particles
B) decreases and efficiency of digestion
C) occurs in both the mouth and stomach
D) is never under voluntary control
E) decreases the surface area of food particles
A) increases the surface area of food particles
Which of the following statements regarding swallowing is true?
A) the voluntary phase begins in the pharynx
B) in the pharyngeal phase, food is moved through the pharynx
C) the ulva rises during the oesophageal phase
D) peristalsis occurs in all phases of swallowing
E) breathing occurs during swallowing
B) in the pharyngeal phase, food is moved through the pharynx
Which of the following might happen if a person begins laughing while swallowing a liquid
A) laryngeal construction forcing liquid through the pharynx
B) relaxation of the soft palate allowing liquid to enter the nasal cavity
C) the tongue might be swallowed
D) nothing - swallowing will be normal
E) peristalsis will not begin
B) relaxation of the soft palate allowing liquid to enter the nasal cavity
The portion of he digestive tract that receives food directly from the oral cavity is the
A) nasopharynx B) oropharynx C) laryngopharynx D) oesophagus E) larynx
B) oropharynx
The oesophagus
A) extends from the fauces to the stomach
B) has cartilage in its walls to keep it from collapsing
C) produces two enzymes that digest proteins
D) has upper and lower sphincters to regulate movement of food
E) has thin walls of connective tissue
D) has upper and lower sphincters to regulate movement of food
Which of the following cell types is correctly match with its function?
A) mucous cells - produce intrinsic factor
B) parietal cells - produce hydrochloric acid
C) chief cells - produce enzymes
D) endocrine cells - produce enzymes
E) chief cells - produce hormones
B) parietal cells - produce hydrochloric acid
