Digestive System

Question 1

system of the body concerned with the breakdown of food and absorption of nutrients

Answer 1

digestive system

Question 2

a large, highly folded, serous membrane located in the abdomen

Answer 2

peritoneum

Question 3

extends from the liver to the anterior abdominal wall

contains in its free edge the _____________

Answer 3

falciform ligament

round ligament of the liver

Question 4

extends from the ___________ of the stomach to the _____ colon, forming a fatty apron over the small intestines

Answer 4

greater omentum
greater curvature
transverse

Question 5

supports and suspends to the jejunum and the ileum

Answer 5

mesentery

Question 6

a skeletal muscular organ, which functions in the sense of taste, mastication, and the movement of food

Answer 6

tongue

Question 7

32 in the adult

4 types:

Answer 7

teeth

incisors, canines, premolars, and molars

Question 8

3 pairs of salivary glands:
they are all ______ glands since they are drained by a duct, all of which empty the gland secretions (saliva) into the oral cavity

Answer 8

parotid, submandibular, sublingual

exocrine

Question 9

composed of skeletal muscle
functions in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
divided into 3 parts:
the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is continuous with the esophagus
also called the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 9

pharynx
swallowing
nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
laryngopharynx, hypopharynx

Question 10

a muscular tube extending ______ cm from the lower end of the pharynx above to the cardiac opening of the stomach below
exhibits 3 regions known as:
_______: in the neck, posterior to trachea
________: in the thorax, posterior to the trachea in the upper half and posterior to the _______ in the lower half
_________: after piercing the _________ of the the diaphragm, entering the abdomen

Answer 10

esophagus
30
cervical
thoracic
abdominal, esophageal opening of the diaphragm

Question 11

digestive organ responsible for ___________ of food
presents 3 parts:
_________: part of the stomach above the entrance of the esophagus
_______: located between the fundus and the pyloric part of the stomach, it comprise the main mass of the stomach
_________ part: extends toward the right from the lower part of the body of the stomach
it ends at the _________, which is the opening between the stomach and the first part of the duodenum, which is surrounded by a circular smooth muscle termed the _____________

Answer 11

stomach
breakdown and storage
fundus
body
pyloric
pyloric opening, pyloric sphincter

Question 12

the stomach presents 2 openings
___________: opening between the cavity of the esophagus and the cavity of the stomach
_________: opening between the stomach and the first part of the duodenum

Answer 12

cardiac

pyloric

Question 13

the internal surface of the stomach present folds called _______ which increases the _________

Answer 13

ruggae, surface area

Question 14

that part of the intestine between the ______ sphincter (where it is connected to the stomach) and the iliocecal junction (where it joins the large intestine)
the length is approximately _____ meters
subdivided into 3 parts:
________: first part of it and extends from the pyloric sphincter to the ________
a C-shaped organ with its concave medial border receiving the openings of ducts draining the _______, ______, ______
__________: proximal 2/5ths of the remainder
______: distal 3/5ths of the remainder

Answer 14

small intestine, pyloric
7
duodenum, jejunum
liver, pancreas, gallbladder
jejunum
ileum

Question 15

junction of the ileum portion of the small intestine and the cecum of the large intestine

Answer 15

ileocecal junction

Question 16

the part of the intestine extending from the ileocecal junction to the anus
subdivided into the following parts:
_______: part of the intestine that lies at and below the level of entrance of the ileum
_________: a lymphatic organ attached to the surface of the cecum
_____________: the portion of the intestine that extends superiorly from the right side of the posterior abdominal wall to liver
since it cannot course above the liver, it bends forming the __________ or ___________ and courses to the left
___________: portion of the large intestine that extends from the right colic flexure on the right side of the abdomen to the spleen on the right side
when it reaches the spleen, it will bend and course inferiorly forming the ___________ or _______
___________: portion of the large intestine, which extends from the left colic flexure inferiorly along with the left side of the posterior abdominal wall
_________: part of the intestine which extends from the descending colon to the pelvis, where it is continuous with the __________

Answer 16

large intestine
cecum
appendix
ascending colon
right colic, hepatic flexure
transverse colon
left colic, splenic flexure
descending colon
sigmoid colon, rectum

Question 17

portion of the digestive system between the sigmoid colon and the anus

Answer 17

rectum

Question 18

sphincteric muscle is located at the termination of the anal canal, which functions int he retention of ________

Answer 18

anus, feces

Question 19

exocrine gland that produces a substance called ________
presents 4 lobes:
structures that enter and exit the liver (name them) do so at the __________, the junction of all 4 lobes

Answer 19

liver
bile
right, left, caudate, quadrate
right and left hepatic arteries, portal vein, right and left hepatic ducts
porta hepatis

Question 20

located on the visceral surface of the liver between the right lobe and the ______ lobe
bile is _______ and _______ here

Answer 20

gall bladder
quadrate
stored, concentrated

Question 21

both an exocrine and endocrine gland
as an ______ gland, it produces digestive enzymes that pass via a duct to the ______
as an ______ gland, it produces the hormones ________, _______, and _______
anatomically, it presents the following parts:
_______: located in the concavity of the duodenum
_____: courses from head toward the left across the vertebrae
________: the left end of the gland, which proximates the spleen

Answer 21

pancreas
exocrine, duodenum
endocrine, insulin, glucagon, somatostatin
head
body
tail