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Chapter 5 Med Term > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

bucc/o

A

cheek

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2
Q

cheil/o

A

lip

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3
Q

labi/o

A

lip

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4
Q

palat/o

A

palate

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5
Q

uvul/o

A

uvula

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6
Q

gloss/o

A

tongue

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7
Q

lingu/o

A

tongue

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8
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsil

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9
Q

gingiv/o

A

gums

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10
Q

dent/i

A

tooth

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11
Q

odont/o

A

tooth

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12
Q

or/o

A

mouth

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13
Q

sialaden/o

A

salivary gland

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14
Q

mastication

A

chewing

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15
Q

deglutition

A

swallowing

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16
Q

peristalsis

A

involuntary progressive rhythmic contraction

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17
Q

defecation

A

expulsion or passage of feces from body through anus

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18
Q

borborygmus

A

rumbling or gurgling noise produced by movement of gas

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19
Q

cholecyst/o

A

gallbladder

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20
Q

choledoch/o

A

common bile duct

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21
Q

col/o

A

colon

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22
Q

duoden/o

A

duodenum

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23
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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24
Q

ile/o

A

ileum (3rd part of small intestine)

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25
Q

jejun/o

A

jejunum (2nd part of small intestine)

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26
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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27
Q

proct/o

A

anus and rectum

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28
Q

pylor/o

A

pyloric sphincter

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29
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon (last part of lg intestine)

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30
Q

amyl/o

A

starch

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31
Q

bil/i

A

gall, bile

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32
Q

chol/e

A

gall, bile

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33
Q

bilirubin/o

A

biliruben

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34
Q

chlorhydr/o

A

HCl

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35
Q

gluc/o

glyc/o

A

sugar

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36
Q

lip/o

A

fat

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37
Q

steat/o

A

fat

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38
Q

lith/o

A

stone

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39
Q

prote/o

A

protein

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40
Q

py/o

A

pus

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41
Q

sial/o

A

saliva

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42
Q

-ase

A

enzyme

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43
Q

-chezia

A

defecation, elimination of waste

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44
Q

-iasis

A

abnormal condition

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45
Q

-prandial

46
Q

lanugo

A

fine, downy hair found on extremities, face, and trunk of pts with anorexia nervosa

47
Q

absorption

A

passage of materials through the walls of the sm intestine into the bloodstream

48
Q

amino acids

A

small building blocks of proteins, released when proteins are digested

49
Q

amylase

A

enzyme secreted by pancreas to digest starch

50
Q

anus

A

terminal end or opening of the digestive tract to the outside of the body

51
Q

appendix

A

blind pouch hanging from the cecum; in RLQ

52
Q

bile

A

digestive juice made in liver and stored in gallbladder; emulsifies large fat globules

53
Q

bilirubin

A

pigment released by the liver in bile

54
Q

bowel

55
Q

canine teeth

A

pointed, dog-like teeth next to the incisors; aka cuspids or eyeteeth

56
Q

cecum

A

first part of lg intestine

57
Q

common bile duct

A

carries bile from liver and gallbladder to the duodenum; aka choledochus

58
Q

defecation

A

elimination of feces from digestive tract through anus

59
Q

deglutition

A

swallowing

60
Q

dentin

A

primary material found in teeth

61
Q

digestion

A

breakdown of complex foods to simpler forms

62
Q

duodenum

A

first part of sm intestine (duo=2, den=10, so it measures 12 inches)

63
Q

elimination

A

act of removal of materials from body; in digestive system, removal of indigestible materials as feces

64
Q

emulsification

A

physical process of breaking up lg fat globules into smaller ones, thereby increasing the SA that enzymes can use to digest the fat

65
Q

enamel

A

hard, outermost layer of tooth

66
Q

enzyme

A

chemical that speeds up a rxn b/t substances

67
Q

esophagus

A

tube connecting throat to stomach

68
Q

fatty acids

A

substances produced when fats are digested

69
Q

feces

A

solid wastes; stool

70
Q

gallbladder

A

small sac under liver; stores bile

71
Q

glucose

A

simple sugar

72
Q

glycogen

A

starch; glucose is stored in the form of glycogen in liver cells

73
Q

HCl

A

substance produced by stomach; necessary for digestion of food

74
Q

ileum

A

3rd part of sm intestine

75
Q

incisor

A

one of four front teeth in dental arch

76
Q

insulin

A

hormone produced by the endocrine cells of the pancreas; transports sugar from the blood into cells and stimulates glycogen formation by liver

77
Q

jejunum

A

2nd part of sm intestine

78
Q

lipase

A

pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fats

79
Q

liver

A

large organ located in RUQ; secretes bile; stores sugar, iron, & vitamins; produces blood proteins; destroys worn-out RBCs

80
Q

lower esophageal sphincter

A

ring of muscles bt the esophagus and stomach

81
Q

mastication

82
Q

molar teeth

A

6th, 7th, and 8th teeth from the middle of either side of dental arch

83
Q

palate

A

roof of mouth

84
Q

pancreas

A

organ under stomach; produces insulin and enzymes

85
Q

papillae

A

small elevations on the tongue; nipple-like elevation

86
Q

parotid gland

A

salivary gland within the cheek, just anterior to the ear

87
Q

pharynx

A

back of throat

88
Q

portal vein

A

lg vein bringing blood to liver from intestines

89
Q

protease

A

enzyme that digests protein

90
Q

pulp

A

soft tissue within a tooth, containing nerves and blood vessels

91
Q

pyloric sphincter

A

ring of muscle at the end of stomach, near duodenum

92
Q

pylorus

A

distal region of the stomach, opening to the duodenum

93
Q

rectum

A

last section of lg intestine, connecting the end of the colon and anus

94
Q

rugae

A

ridges on hard palate and wall of stomach

95
Q

saliva

A

digestive juice produced by salivary glands

96
Q

salivary glands

A

parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands

97
Q

sigmoid colon

A

4th and last, S-shaped segment of the colon, just before the rectum; empties into the rectum

98
Q

sphincter

A

circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening

99
Q

stomach

A

muscular organ that receives food from the esophagus

100
Q

triglycerides

A

fat molecules composed of 3 parts fatty acids and one part glycerol

101
Q

uvula

A

soft tissue hanging from the middle of the soft palate

102
Q

villi

A

microscopic projections in wall of small intestine that absorb nutrients into bloodstream

103
Q

an/o

104
Q

append/o

appendic/o

105
Q

cec/o

106
Q

celi/o

A

belly, abdomen

107
Q

colon/o

108
Q

faci/o

109
Q

lapar/o

110
Q

mandibul/o

A

lower jaw, mandible

Chapter 5 Med Term (1 decks)

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