Digestive system Flashcards
What is digestion?
Breakdown of food, absorption of nutrients into blood and concentration and removal of waste products
What is metabolism?
Production of ATP and regulation of cellular activities
What are the two main functional groups of organs?
Alimentary canal and accessory digestive organs
What are structures of alimentary canal structures?
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anus
What are structures of accessory digestive organs?
Salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
What do salivary glands do?
-Lubricates food, making easier to swallow and better solubilization
-maintains oral hygiene by flushing away debris
-Begins starch digestion with salivary amylase
-buffers acidity to protect mouth
-Evaporative cooling, like dogs
What is mastication?
Chewing food, add’s salivary amylases
What do incisors do?
rip, cut
What do canines do?
tear, pierce
What do premolars do?
grind, shear
What do molars do?
grind
How many baby and permanent teeth?
20 baby, 32 permanent
What is deglutition and what does it include?
Swallowing
-Mouth->pharynx->esophagus
-requires 25 pairs of muscles
What is the mouth, pharynx, upper esophagus innervated by?
By somatic motor neurons because controllable
What is the middle and lower esophagus innervated by?
By autonomic motor neurons because just happens, automatic
