Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

what is the name of the stacked hepatocytes in the liver?

A

six-sided liver lobules

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2
Q

gallbladder function

A

stores bile from when the hematopancreatic valve is closed

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3
Q

large intestine main functions

A

absorb water, eliminate semi-solids

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4
Q

large intestine movement sequence

A

cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum

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5
Q

acinar cells location and function

A

pancreas, produces many digestive enzymes

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6
Q

duct cells location and function

A

pancreas, produces dilute bicarbonate solution

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7
Q

4 liver functions

A

form bile for fat absorption, detoxifies, processes nutrients, stores fat-soluble vitamins

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8
Q

3 parts of small intestine

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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9
Q

location and function of lacteal

A

within small intestine villi, absorbs triglycerides

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10
Q

circular folds function and location

A

small intestine; lines the lumen, creates a ton of surface area

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11
Q

function of ileum

A

holds the hepatopancreatic ampulla (where pancreatic and common bile ducts meet at the ileum)

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12
Q

functions of jejunum

A

chemical digestion, nutrient absorption

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13
Q

what is an intestinal crypt

A

juts into the mucosa of the small intestine lining, “cells and juices”

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14
Q

paneth cells location and function

A

intestinal crypts, releases antibacterial agents to regulate bacterial growth

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15
Q

intestinal crypt enterocytes release what?

A

intestinal juices

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16
Q

where can u find stem cells in the small intestine?

A

intestinal crypts

17
Q

peyer’s patches location and function

A

intestinal crypt, keeps bacteria within the tube of the intestine

18
Q

what is a portal triad?

A

found at corners of liver lobules. portal arteriole, portal venule, bile duct

19
Q

mesentery

A

double folded membrane, supports organs. Contains lymph and blood vessels

20
Q

what is the hepatic portal vein

A

all digestive blood goes through this process before proper venous return.

21
Q

gross order of blood circulation thru digestive tract

A

arteries, digestive system, hepatic portal vein, liver, hepatic vein, inferior vena cava

22
Q

where are gastric glands found?

A

within the gastric pits lining the stomach

23
Q

function and location of parietal cells

A
  • make HCl (main component of stomach acid)
  • make intrinsic factor
  • inside walls of gastric pits
24
Q

chief cells function and locations

A
  • makes pepsinogen and lipases
  • found in walls of gastric pits
25
how does pepsinogen found in chief cells function?
pepsinogen becomes the enzyme pepsin when it comes into contact with the HCl found in the stomach. pepsin neutralizes proteins
26
enteroendocrine cell function and location
- produces gastrin, paracrines, and other hormones - found in walls of gastric pits
27
3 characteristics of the stomach's mucosal barrier
- stomach is coated with bicarbonate to combat the HCl, keeping the tissue safe - tight junctions b/w epithelial cells - rapid turnover of cells
28
what is rugae?
folded up tissue that allows for expansion (think of a deflated vs inflated balloon)
29
what are the 4 tunica of the digestive tract
- mucosa - submucosa - muscularis externa - serosa
30
order of tunica from lumen to external
mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa