Digestive System

Question 1

What is the main function of the mouth in digestion?

Answer 1

To chew food and mix it with saliva to begin breaking down carbohydrates

Question 2

Fill in the blank: The enzyme in saliva that begins breaking down starch is called _____.

Answer 2

Amylase

Question 3

What is the role of the esophagus?

Answer 3

To transport food from the mouth to the stomach through peristalsis

Question 4

What is the main function of the stomach in digestion?

Answer 4

To churn food and mix it with gastric juices to begin protein digestion

Question 5

Fill in the blank: The enzyme in the stomach that breaks down proteins is called _____.

Answer 5

Pepsin

Question 6

What is the role of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach?

Answer 6

To create an acidic environment for digestion and kill bacteria

Question 7

Name the three parts of the small intestine.

Answer 7

Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum

Question 8

What is the primary function of the small intestine?

Answer 8

To digest and absorb nutrients

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The small intestine contains finger-like projections called ____ that increase surface area for absorption.

Answer 9

Villi

Question 10

What is the function of the liver in digestion?

Answer 10

To produce bile, which helps digest fats

Question 11

What is the function of the gallbladder?

Answer 11

To store bile and release it into the small intestine

Question 12

What is the role of the pancreas in digestion?

Answer 12

To produce digestive enzymes and bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid

Question 13

Fill in the blank: The pancreas produces enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and ____ to aid digestion.

Answer 13

Protease

Question 14

What is the main function of the large intestine?

Answer 14

To absorb water and electrolytes and compact waste into feces

Question 15

Name the parts of the large intestine.

Answer 15

Cecum, Ascending Colon, Transverse Colon, Descending Colon, Sigmoid Colon

Question 16

What is the function of the rectum?

Answer 16

To store feces before excretion

Question 17

What is the role of the anus in the digestive system?

Answer 17

To excrete feces from the body

Question 18

Fill in the blank: The wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract are called _____.

Answer 18

Peristalsis

Question 19

What is bile and where is it produced?

Answer 19

Bile is a digestive fluid produced by the liver to break down fats

Question 20

What is chyme?

Answer 20

A semi-liquid mixture of partially digested food and digestive juices that moves from the stomach to the small intestine

Question 21

Fill in the blank: The enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates is called _____.

Answer 21

Amylase

Question 22

Fill in the blank: The enzyme that breaks down fats is called _____.

Answer 22

Lipase

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The enzyme that breaks down proteins is called _____.

Answer 23

Protease

Question 24

What is the function of villi and microvilli in the small intestine?

Answer 24

To increase surface area for nutrient absorption

Question 25

Where is bile stored before being released into the small intestine?

Answer 25

In the gallbladder

Question 26

Fill in the blank: Most of the digestion and absorption of nutrients takes place in the _____.

Answer 26

Small intestine